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| Effects of different amendments on salt tolerance and growth of watermelon in saline soils |
| Received:December 28, 2022 |
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| KeyWord:saline soil;soil amendment;salt-based ion;watermelon;salt tolerance;quality |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | XU Shiqi | College of Resource and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling 712100, China | | | HE Yanzhen | College of Resource and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling 712100, China | | | LI Rui | Agricultural Technology Extension Center of Shenmu City, Shenmu 719300, China | | | HU Kexin | College of Resource and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling 712100, China | | | GAO Yiyao | College of Resource and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling 712100, China | | | WANG Xudong | College of Resource and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling 712100, China | wangxudong01@126.com |
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| Abstract: |
| To alleviate the stress of soil salinization on watermelon,"Pure 8424"watermelon was used as the experimental material in the field trial. Six treatments were designed as follows:chemical fertilizer only(CF), CF + calcium huminate(CFR1), CF + water-soluble silicon fertilizer(CFR2), CF + rhamnolipid(CFR3), CF + calcium huminate + water-soluble silicon fertilizer(CFR4)and CF + calcium huminate + water-soluble silicon fertilizer + rhamnolipid(CFR5). The effects of different amendments alone and in combination on soil pH, salt-based ions, watermelon salt tolerance, and growth were examined. Furthermore, a comprehensive evaluation of watermelon salt tolerance indexes was performed using the membership function method to screen for the best amendments and their combinations suitable for watermelon growth in saline soils. The following results were obtained. Application of the amendments reduced soil pH; the CFR3, CFR4, CFR5 treatments effectively decreased pH by 0.3, 0.4, and 0.4, respectively, compared with the CF treatment(P<0.05). The single or mixed application of amendments increased soil Ca2+, K+, and Mg2+ concentrations. The CFR1, CFR4, and CFR5 treatments significantly reduced soil Na+ concentration. Compared with the CF treatment, the application of CFR1 treatment, which had the most pronounced effect among the single amendment treatments, decreased soil Na+ concentration by 6.56% and increased K+, Ca2+, and Mg2+ concentrations by 16.13%, 31.96%, and 20.85%, respectively, in each case reaching a significance level of P<0.05. Furthermore, the single or mixed application of amendments promoted watermelon photosynthesis, quality, and yield. Compared with the CF treatment, the net photosynthetic rate, soluble solids content, and yield increased by 15.22%-43.76%, 8.57%-20.45%, and 14.41%-40.83%, respectively. The CFR2 treatment had the most significant effect among the single amendment treatments. The application of amendments significantly reduced the Na+ concentration in watermelon plants, which enhanced the salt tolerance of watermelons. Compared with the CF treatment, the malondialdehyde content and O2-·production rate in leaves decreased by 12.14%-30.97% and 18.97%-47.59%, respectively, while the peroxidase activity and proline content increased by 31.72%-74.73% and 26.56%-48.95%, respectively. Calcium huminate, water-soluble silicon fertilizer, and rhamnolipid applied alone or in combination not only alleviated the damage caused by soil salinity stress in watermelon plants to a certain extent, but also significantly enhanced the salt tolerance of watermelon and promoted its growth. The calcium huminate treatment had the best effect among the single amendment treatments. Compared with the single amendment treatments, the combined application of three amendments further improved the salt tolerance of watermelon and achieved the best comprehensive effect overall. |
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