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| Effects of malate-aspartic acid metabolism on cadmium uptake and transport in rice |
| Received:January 12, 2023 |
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| KeyWord:rice;cadmium;malic acid;aspartic acid;glutamate;transaminase |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | ZHANG Xin | Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China | | | WANG Huijun | Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China | | | XUE Weijie | Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China | | | WANG Changrong | Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China | | | ZHANG Changbo | Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China | | | HUANG Yongchun | Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China | | | LIU Zhongqi | Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China | liuzhongqi508@163.com |
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| Abstract: |
| To explore the roles of malate-aspartic acid metabolism in the processes of cadmium uptake and transport in rice plant, the distribution characteristics of cadmium and the change of aspartic acid and glutamate in different rice organs were examined by adding or spraying different concentrations of malic acid under cadmium stress. The results revealed that adding 0.5-1.5 mmol·L-1 MA significantly inhibited cadmium accumulation in the roots and shoots of rice seedlings. The cadmium content in the soluble fraction of root and shoot cells decreased by 23.8%-39.6% and 29.5%-39.7%, respectively. Simultaneously, the content of glutathione, aspartic acid, and glutamate in roots and shoots increased significantly, while the content of PC2, PC3 and PC4 decreased significantly. During the grain-filling period, the activities of malate dehydrogenase and aspartate transaminase in developing grains increased by 63.0% -96.8% and 14.6% -22.6%, respectively. After foliar application of 5 mmol·L-1 malic acid three times at anthesis, the content of aspartic acid and glutamate in both vegetative organs and rice grains increased significantly. The transport efficiency of cadmium from the stem base to the top vegetative organs and rice grains decreased significantly, resulting in a 37.5%-55.4% decrease in rice cadmium. These results indicate that promoting the transformation between malate and aspartic acid or glutamate in cells can efficiently inhibit the uptake and transport of cadmium in the rice plants and significantly reduce the cadmium content in top vegetative organs and rice grains. |
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