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| Effects of crop-mulberry system on phosphorus loss in sloping cropland with purple soil |
| Received:September 23, 2021 Revised:January 29, 2022 |
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| KeyWord:Three Gorges Reservoir area;purple soil;agricultural non-point source pollution;mulberry;runoff;phosphorus |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | YANG Hongbin | College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
National Base of International S&T Collaboration on Water Environmental Monitoring and Simulation in TGR Region, Chongqing 400716, China | | | WANG Sheng | College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
National Base of International S&T Collaboration on Water Environmental Monitoring and Simulation in TGR Region, Chongqing 400716, China | shengwang@swu.edu.cn | | YIN Rong | College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
National Base of International S&T Collaboration on Water Environmental Monitoring and Simulation in TGR Region, Chongqing 400716, China | | | LEI Ping | College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
National Base of International S&T Collaboration on Water Environmental Monitoring and Simulation in TGR Region, Chongqing 400716, China | | | CHEN Fangxin | College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
National Base of International S&T Collaboration on Water Environmental Monitoring and Simulation in TGR Region, Chongqing 400716, China | | | NI Jiupai | College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
National Base of International S&T Collaboration on Water Environmental Monitoring and Simulation in TGR Region, Chongqing 400716, China | | | XIE Deti | College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
National Base of International S&T Collaboration on Water Environmental Monitoring and Simulation in TGR Region, Chongqing 400716, China | xdt@swu.edu.cn |
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| Abstract: |
| To clarify the impact of mulberry hedgerow configurations on aboveground and underground runoff and phosphorus losses from the sloping farmland-mulberry compound system(crop-mulberry system)with purple soil in the Three Gorges Reservoir area, optimize the crop-mulberry system configuration, and reduce phosphorus losses, a set of 15°-runoff plots(9 m×3 m)were established in the opening field. Four treatments were set up:one-belt mulberry(T1), two-belt mulberry(T2), three-belt mulberry(T3), and non-mulberry hedges (CK). The yield of surface runoff, interflow, and phosphorus loss forms and magnitudes in the runoff plot and field meteorological conditions were continuously monitored. The results demonstrated that:the total yield of surface runoff and interflow in the T3, T2, and T1 treatments were significantly reduced by 62%, 33%, and 21%, respectively, compared with CK(286.6 mm). Accordingly, the yield of interflow was significantly reduced by 69%, 37%, and 26%, respectively, compared with CK(226.3 mm). The interflow yield proportions of the four treatments to the total runoff yield ranged from 63%~79%. The surface runoff yields of T3 and T2 were significantly reduced by 33% and 18%, respectively, but there was no significant difference between T1 and CK. The total amount of phosphorus loss through the interflow and surface runoff in T3 was significantly reduced by 61% compared with CK(0.9 kg·hm-2), but there was no significant difference among T1, T2, and CK. The amount of phosphorus loss through the interflow in T3 and T2 was significantly reduced by 78% and 34%, respectively, compared with CK(0.5 kg·hm-2). The amount of phosphorus loss through the interflow of the four treatments accounted for 44%~69% of the total amount of phosphorus loss, and the amount of phosphorus loss through surface runoff in T3 was significantly reduced by 40% compared with CK(0.4 kg·hm-2), but the amount of phosphorus loss in T1 and T2 increased by 21% and 25%, respectively. Soluble phosphorus accounted for 40%~53% of the total amount of phosphorus loss, and particulate phosphorus only accounted for 47%~60%. The difference between soluble phosphorus and particulate phosphorus among the four treatments was not significant at P<0.05. The mulberry hedge treatments had no significant effect on the economic yield of mustard tuber, but T2 and T3 had a significant reduction in the economic yield of spring maize by 10% and 13%, respectively. The interflow was the main flow pattern on the slope farmland in purple soil, but the soil phosphorus was primarily lost by particulate phosphorus form through surface runoff. Three-belt mulberry had an attractive effect in preventing phosphorus loss and did not significantly affect the economic yield of mustard tuber, but it slightly reduced the economic yield of maize. |
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