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| Effects of phenolic foam on earthworms and soil microbial activities |
| Received:September 27, 2021 |
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| KeyWord:phenolic foam;Eisenia fetida;antioxidant enzyme;soil enzyme activity;soil respiration |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | LUO Qiuping | College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China | | | LI Hu | College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China | hli@iue.ac.cn | | SU Jianqiang | College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China | |
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| Abstract: |
| This study explored the effects of phenolic foam on Eisenia fetida and microbes in soils. In this study, we added different concentrations of phenolic foam to an artificial soil and investigated the survival and superoxide dismutase（SOD） and glutathione peroxidase（GSH-Px）enzyme activities of E. fetida. Meanwhile, soil respiration and neutral phosphatase（S-NP）and urease（S-UE） enzyme activities were recorded following phenolic foam addition to determine the chronic effects of phenolic foam on the activities of soil microbes. The results revealed that the half-lethal concentration of phenolic foam was higher than 5 000 mg·kg-1. Moreover, in soils treated with 1~5 000 mg·kg-1 phenolic foam, the levels of GSH-Px activity of E. fetida ranged from 27.47 U·mg-1 to 56.96 U·mg-1, whereas those of SOD activity of E. fetida ranged from 32.43 U · mg-1 to 58.10 U · mg-1. In addition, GSH-Px and SOD activities in soils treated with phenolic foam were significantly higher（P<0.05）than those in the control soil, indicating the occurrence of an anti-oxidation response to granular phenolic foam in E. fetida. Soil respiration rates ranged from 0.041 μmol·g-1·h-1 to 0.055 μmol·g-1·h-1, and granular phenolic foam significantly inhibited soil respiration（P<0.05）. However, phenolic foam treatment triggered no significant differences in S-NP and S-UE activities. In summary, phenolic foam had no lethal effect on E. fetida, but caused oxidative stress in this species and reduced soil respiration. |
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