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| Characteristics analysis of heavy metal content in the soil-crop system in the rocky desertification control demonstration area in Salaxi, Guizhou Province， China |
| Received:November 03, 2020 |
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| KeyWord:soil heavy metals;crops;multivariate statistical analysis;spatial distribution;ecological risk |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | YAO Cheng-bin | School of Geographic and Environmental Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China | | | ZHOU Ming-zhong | School of Geographic and Environmental Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China | mingzhongzhou@126.com | | XIONG Kang-ning | School of Karst Science, Guizhou Normal University/State Engineering Technology Institute for Karst Desertification Control, Guiyang 550001, China | | | YANG Hua | School of Geographic and Environmental Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China | | | ZHANG Di | School of Geographic and Environmental Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China
School of Geographic Science and Tourism, Zhaotong University, Zhaotong 657000, China | | | YANG Lian-sheng | School of Geographic and Environmental Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China | | | WANG Gui-yun | School of Geographic and Environmental Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China | |
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| Abstract: |
| To explore the pollution characteristics and sources of heavy metals（V, Sb, Mo, Tl, U, and Mn）in agricultural soils and crops in the Karst rocky desertification control demonstration area of the Karst Plateau-Gorge, soil and crop（maize, potato, Rosa sterilis, pakchoi, walnut, and garlic）samples from Salaxi, Bijie, Guizhou Province were collected and analyzed. The geoaccumulation index and potential ecological risk were calculated to assess the pollution risk of soils. Furthermore, geostatistical analysis and GIS were used to evaluate the distribution characteristics of the heavy metals in soils affected by the natural parent materials, coal mining, and lead-zinc smelting. The results showed that： The average content of Mo in forest soil was slightly higher than the background value, and the rest of the heavy metals were below the background value. The average V, Mo, and Mn content in upland soil was equivalent to the background value, while Sb, Tl, and U were lower than the background values. The forest were slightly polluted by Mo, and the dryland soils were slightly polluted by V, respectively, whereas the other soils were not polluted. The average content of Mn and V in crops was significantly higher than that of other elements, particularly in potatoes, with a concentration of 314.20 mg·kg-1 on a dry weight basis. The enrichment coefficients of Mn and Mo in crops were higher than other metals, and U had the lowest. The potential ecological risk assessment results showed that the single potential ecological risk index of Mo in the demonstration area’ s soil was 22.64, indicating a medium ecological hazard; the comprehensive potential ecological risk of heavy metals in the demonstration area’ s soil was minor, and the risk level was extremely low. The sources of heavy metals were mainly classified into two categories according to a principal component analysis： Sb, V, Mn, Tl, and U, classified in PC1, mainly originated from natural parent material, partly affected by lead-zinc smelting; Mo in PC2, was mainly affected by coal mining and also by weathering of the parent rock. From a spatial distribution perspective, each heavy metal’ s spatial distribution characteristics were consistent with the principal component analysis results. |
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