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| Effects of a single basal application of polymer-coated urea to a wheat field on crop yield, nitrogen use efficiency and NH3 and N2O emissions in eastern China |
| Received:April 02, 2021 |
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| KeyWord:yield;nitrogen use efficiency;ammonia volatilization;nitrous oxide;net economic benefits |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | SUN Ting | Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Jiangning District, Nanjing 211100, China | | | WANG Meng-lan | Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Jiangning District, Nanjing 211100, China | | | WANG Bo-chun | Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences 210008, China | | | LI Yun-dong | Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences 210008, China | | | WANG Shen-qiang | Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences 210008, China | sqwang@issas.ac.cn |
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| Abstract: |
| The purpose of this study was to verify the subrogation of one-time base application of coated urea and multiple application of quick mineral nitrogen fertilizer in winter wheat system in southern China. A field experiment was established in Jiangning wheat field in Jiangsu Province. The effects of polyurethane resin coated urea(PU) with single application and non-coated urea(U) with three split application on wheat yield, nitrogen use efficiency, NH3 volatilization and N2O emission were compared at 0, 160 kg N·hm-2(the lower application rate) and 240 kg N·hm-2(the conventional application rate). The agronomic and environmental effects of coated urea application were evaluated from two aspects of economic benefit and reduction of gaseous active nitrogen. The wheat yield of U and PU treatments increased with the increase of nitrogen application rate, but the effect of increasing yield was more significant with PU treatments. At the conventional application rate, the amount of PU to U increased wheat yield by 16.6%, the N partial factor productivity and agronomic efficiency by 16.7% and 26.6%. Although PU treatments could not improve the physiological efficiency, it significantly increased nitrogen use efficiency by 35.7%~65.2% at the same application.The results showed that PU had better effect on wheat yield increase because of the promotion of above-ground nitrogen absorption and the improvement of apparent nitrogen use efficiency. Meanwhile, PU can effectively reduce the emission peaks of NH3 and N2O compared with U treatment, and the seasonal cumulative emission of NH3 and N2O can be reduced by 43.3% and 37.6% at the conventional application rate. The results of comprehensive analysis of yield, fertilizer and other management costs showed that 160 kg N·hm-2 PU could approximately reach the yield level and net economic benefits of wheat at the conventional application rate. When the nitrogen application rate of PU increased to 240 kg N·hm-2, the wheat yield was significantly increased and the net economic benefits of farmers was significantly increased by 41.8% with no significant increase in NH3 and N2O emissions. Compared with farmers' conventional practice with three split application, a single application of polyurethane coated urea in the test could not only obtain high yield, but also benefit farmers' incomes increase and environmental protection. |
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