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| Effect of nitrogen fertilizer on iron plaque formation on the root surface of double cropping rice and cadmium accumulation in double-season rice |
| Received:July 27, 2020 |
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| KeyWord:double-season rice;field experiment;nitrogen fertilizer;cadmium;iron;iron plaque;transport coefficient |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | ZHANG Yu-sheng | College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
South Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil in China, Changsha 410128, China | | | ZHOU Liang | College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China | | | XIAO Huan | College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
South Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil in China, Changsha 410128, China | | | KUANG Yu | Social Employment Promotion Unit of Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Liling City, Hunan Province, Liling 412200, China | | | AO He-jun | College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
South Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil in China, Changsha 410128, China | aohejun@126.com | | TIAN Wei | College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
South Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil in China, Changsha 410128, China | | | XIAO Feng | College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
South Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil in China, Changsha 410128, China | | | XIANG Yan-yun | College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
South Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil in China, Changsha 410128, China | | | ZHANG Xiao-yi | College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
South Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil in China, Changsha 410128, China | |
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| Abstract: |
| Field experiments were carried out to investigate the effects of nitrogen fertilizer ratio on the formation of iron membrane on the surface of rice roots and Cd uptake and transport in rice under flooding conditions. The early rice Zhuliangyou 819(low Cd variety)and Luliangyou 996(high Cd variety), and late rice Xiangwanxian 12 hao(low Cd variety)and Yuzhenxiang(high Cd variety)were selected as experimental materials, and either nitrogen fertilizer, which included three nitrogen fertilizer ratios:4:4:2:0 (T1), 8:0:2:0 (T2), 6:0:2:2 (T3), or no nitrogen treatment(CK), were applied at the rate of 180 kg·hm-2 during the whole growth period of rice. At the tillering stage and milk stage of rice, whole plant was collected and the contents of Cd in all parts, Fe and Cd in the root membrane, and Cd in roots and shoots of brown rice were determined at maturity. Results showed that the Fe contents on root plaque of low Cd varieties during different rice seasons were higher at tillering stage than at milk stage, and the Fe and Cd contents on root plaque of high Cd varieties were higher at milk stage than at tillering stage. The Cd contents on root plaque of the two early rice varieties(Zhuliangyou 819 and Luliangyou 996)and one late rice variety(Yuzhenxiang)were reduced by T1 and T2 treatment; however, they were the highest at T3 treatment. The Cd contents in the root plaque of Xiangwanxian 12 hao was the highest and lowest under the condition of CK and T2 treatment, respectively. The Fe content in the root plaque of the high-Cd variety Luliangyou 996 was significantly positively correlated with the Cd contents in root plaque at different periods(P<0.05), and the Fe content in the root plaque of the high-Cd variety Yuzhenxiang was significantly positively correlated with the Cd content in root plaque at tillering stage(P<0.05). There was a significant negative correlation between the Fe contents in root plaque and the Cd contents of leaves and panicle during milk maturity(P<0.05). The Cd content in roots, shoots, and leaves of rice increased with the extension of growth period. Nitrogen application could reduce the Cd content in different parts of early rice and increase the Cd content in roots, shoots, and leaves of late rice, at maturity stage. Under the same nitrogen application rate, the Cd content in brown rice at different rice seasons was significantly reduced. Under the same nitrogen application rate, changes in nitrogen fertilizer ratios had no significant effect on the Cd content in brown rice of low-Cd varieties(Zhuliangyou 819 and Xiangwanxian 12 hao). The Cd content in the high-Cd varieties Luliangyou 996 and Yuzhenxiang brown rice decreased significantly at a ratio of 6:0:2:2 by 52.72% and 74.13%, respectively, compared with that in CK. It can be concluded that under flooding conditions, according to rice varieties, combined with the key growth and development of Cd accumulation in rice, a reasonable proportion of nitrogen fertilizer can reduce the Cd contents in brown rice. |
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