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| Soil heavy metal pollution and risk assessment of agricultural soils in the Yunnan-Guizhou area, Upper Pearl River Basin |
| Received:March 15, 2020 |
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| KeyWord:soil;heavy metal;ecological risk;Upper Pearl River Basin |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | YAO Bo | College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China | | | YANG Ai-ping | College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China | | | CHEN Hua-yi | College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China | | | GAO Jian-peng | College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China | | | ZHANG Yu-long | College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China | | | WANG Jin-jin | College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China | | | LI Yong-tao | College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China | yongtao@scau.edu.cn | | REN Zong-ling | College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China | zren@scau.edu.cn |
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| Abstract: |
| To obtain a better overview of the status and potential ecological risks of heavy metal pollution in agricultural soils in the YunnanGuizhou area in the upper reaches of the Pearl River Basin, 42 paddy soils and 63 dry land soils were collected from six industrial and mining sites in this area, including(1)an abandoned phosphate fertilizer plant industrial area in Zhanyi District(ZY), Qujing City, Yunnan Province;(2)a historical Cr slag storage area and smelting industrial area in Luliang County(LL), Qujing City, Yunnan Province;(3)a Pb and Zn smelter in Jijie Town(JJ), Gejiu City, Yunnan Province;(4)the Songshujiao mining area in Datun Town(DT), Gejiu City, Yunnan Province;(5)the Shanshulin Pb-Zn mining area(SSL)in Liupanshui City, Guizhou Province; and(6)the Wulonggou Pb-Zn mining area (WLG)in Qiannan Boeyi and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Guizhou Province. The single factor pollution index, Nemero integrated pollution index, and Hakanson potential ecological risk index were used for the evaluation of potential environmental risks of heavy metals in these soils. The results showed that the soils from the six sites were mostly heavily contaminated. Compared with the national standard values, the rates of exceedance of the standards followed the order of Cd(95.24%) > As (53.33%) > Pb (42.86%) > Zn (30.48%) > Cu (26.67%) > Cr(12.38%) > Hg(6.67%) > Ni(5.71%). The integrated pollution indexes suggested that the six sites were all exposed to heavily integrated pollution with the order of JJ > SSL > DT > LL > ZY > WLG, and the sites from Gejiu in the middle reaches of the Nanpan River were the most severely contaminated. The potential ecological risk index of soil heavy metals in the six sites followed the sequence of JJ > DT > SSL > LL > ZY > WLG. These metals posed a very high potential risk in JJ, a high potential risk in SSL, LL, and DT, and a medium/high potential risk in ZY and WLG. Among the metals, Cd was the most important risk factor, followed by Hg. Therefore, in addition to Cd pollution, Hg, As, and other trace elements should be taken into consideration for the soil management and control in the upper reaches of the Pearl River Basin. |
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