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| Effects of combined fertilization on the absorption of As and Cd in rice from polluted farmland |
| Received:May 21, 2020 |
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| KeyWord:combined fertilization;silicon-calcium conditioning agent;compound contaminated farmland;rice;arsenic;cadmium |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | LU Wei-hong | College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
Yunnan Soil Fertilizer and Pollution Remediation Engineering Laboratory, Kunming 650201, China
Henan Xinlianxin Chemical Industry Group Co., Ltd., Xinxiang 453700, China | | | ZHANG Nai-ming | College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
Yunnan Soil Fertilizer and Pollution Remediation Engineering Laboratory, Kunming 650201, China
College of Resource and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China | zhangnaiming@sina.com | | SU You-bo | Yunnan Soil Fertilizer and Pollution Remediation Engineering Laboratory, Kunming 650201, China
College of Resource and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China | | | LI Mao-song | Yunnan Soil Fertilizer and Pollution Remediation Engineering Laboratory, Kunming 650201, China
College of Resource and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China | | | XIONG Run-zhong | Yunnan Soil Fertilizer and Pollution Remediation Engineering Laboratory, Kunming 650201, China
College of Resource and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China | | | QIN Tai-feng | Yunnan Soil Fertilizer and Pollution Remediation Engineering Laboratory, Kunming 650201, China | |
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| Abstract: |
| This study investigated the effects of the combined measures of different fertilization modes and soil conditioners on rice growth and the absorption and transportation of heavy metals in different parts of As-Cd compound-contaminated farmland, which helped to provide a scientific basis for the safe use of moderately and slightly contaminated farmland. In this study, three single chemical fertilizer application models were set up on the As-Cd compound-contaminated paddy field soil, including conventional fertilizer(urea + superphosphate+potassium chloride), alkaline compound fertilizers, and rice-specific fertilizers. Treatments with the combined application of a silicon-calcium soil conditioner were also conducted. The effects of different treatments on the rice growth and yield levels, the accumulation and transportation of As and Cd in different organs(including roots, stems, leaves, and grains), and the availability of soil heavy metals, pH, and organic matter were measured. The key influencing factors on the As and Cd contents of the rice grains under the combined fertilizer treatments were analyzed. The results showed that in the As-Cd compound-contaminated farmland, compared with the corresponding single fertilizer treatment, the combined application of only alkaline fertilizer and silicon-calcium conditioner improved the four indicators of rice stem diameter, spike length, seeds per spike, and yield by 18.4%, 7.8%, 24.9%, and 16.1%, respectively, which all showed significant differences(P<0.05), while the combined fertilization under the conventional fertilization and rice-specific fertilizer mode had a variety of agronomic growth indicators including partial suppression of the rice yield or no significant effect. Under the conditions of the three fertilization measures, combined fertilization under the mode of alkaline fertilizer had the best inhibitory effect on the absorption and accumulation of As and Cd in rice organs, among which the inhibition rates of As accumulation in the stems and roots reached 32.1%, 19.8%, 21.8%, and 32.7%, respectively, and the cumulative inhibition rates of Cd in the grains and roots reached 43.8% and 10.3%, respectively, with both reaching significant levels(P<0.05). The combined measures of alkaline fertilizer+silicon-calcium soil conditioner not only reduced the absorption of As and Cd in the soil by the roots, but also regulated the redistribution of As and Cd that entered the stem through the roots. In other words, the transport of As and Cd to the leaves was promoted, while the transport to the grains was inhibited. Among the three combined fertilization measures, the alkaline fertilizer+silicon-calcium soil conditioner showed the best application effect on the As-Cd compound-contaminated farmland, which not only reduced the absorption and transportation of As and Cd by the rice (especially the grains), but also promoted the rice agronomic growth indicators and yield. |
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