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| Experimental study of simulated rainfall on nitrogen and phosphorus loss from farmland in Southern Hebei Province, China |
| Received:September 09, 2019 |
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| KeyWord:artificial simulated rainfall;nitrogen and phosphorus loss;non-point source pollution;surface runoff;interflow |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | GUAN Rong-hao | School of Water Conservancy and Hydroelectric Power, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056002, China | | | MA Bao-guo | School of Water Conservancy and Hydroelectric Power, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056002, China | mabghd@aliyun.com | | HUANG Zhi-xi | School of Water Conservancy and Hydroelectric Power, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056002, China | | | QI Shuan-wang | School of Water Conservancy and Hydroelectric Power, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056002, China | |
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| Abstract: |
| Nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient loss in farmland is the major pollution source for agricultural non-point source pollution in China. A field experiment using artificial simulated rainfall was carried out to study the characteristics of nitrogen and phosphorus loss through surface runoff and interflow in farmland in southern Hebei Province. The results showed that, there was a remarkable difference between characteristics of surface runoff and interflow. The process of surface runoff fluctuated noticeably. The interflow changed more subtly and with a certain hysteresis, and its proportion of the total runoff was smaller, accounting for 9.0% and 13.1% in the two tests that were conducted. The concentration of nitrogen in the runoff was higher in the early stage of runoff production and then decayed rapidly. The first 35 min after runoff generation was the period of most rapid loss of accumulated nitrogen. The output of soluble nitrogen in the runoff was primarily nitrate nitrogen, accounting for 71.0% to 99.7% of the cumulative loss, and the loss of nitrate nitrogen was highly susceptible to hydrological factors. The content of phosphorus in the runoff was lower, mostly in the form of particles in the soil, and with the extension of runoff time, interflow gradually became the primary means of phosphorus loss. There is a significant correlation between cumulative runoff and cumulative loss of nitrogen and phosphorus, which can be fitted by linear fitting and power function, respectively, and the goodness of fit was above 0.99 and 0.97, respectively. The results show that the loss of nitrogen and phosphorus after rainfall in farmland in southern Hebei is huge and show a certain regularity. An effective way to prevent and control local agricultural non-point source pollution is therefore by suitable application of nitrogen fertilizer and controlling nutrient loss in the early stage of runoff generation. |
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