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| Effects of different models of wheat straw return on paddy soil microbial activities and community compositions |
| Received:August 31, 2019 |
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| KeyWord:straw return;microbial biomass carbon;microbial biomass nitrogen;enzyme activity;microbial community |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | WANG Ning | Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China | | | LUO Jia-lin | Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
College of Resources and Environment Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210014, China | | | ZHAO Ya-hui | Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China | | | LI Yong | Soil and Fertilizer Technical Guidance Station of Jintan District, Changzhou 213200, China | | | YU Jian-guang | Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
College of Resources and Environment Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210014, China
Scientific Observing and Experimental Station for Farmland Conservation(Jiangsu), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing 210014, China | yujg@jaas.ac.cn |
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| Abstract: |
| To explore the responses of microbial activities and community compositions to wheat straw return in paddy soils during ricewheat rotation, changes in microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen, enzyme activities, and bacterial community compositions were assessed in paddy fields under three models of wheat straw return:direct straw return(S), straw return coupled with nitrogen fertilization(SN), and straw return with ponding(SP). Results showed that all three models increased the content of microbial biomass carbon(251 mg·g-1 vs.263~282 mg·g-1) and nitrogen(16.9 mg·g-1 vs. 24.6~27.6 mg·g-1), but significantly decreased the ratio of the microbial biomass carbon to nitrogen(14.9 vs. 8.58~10.7). Activity of polyphenol oxidase(16.7 mmol·g-1·h-1 vs. 21.5~24.8 mmol·g-1·h-1) was enhanced by all three models of straw return, whereas acid phosphatase activity was not affected. However, the responses of catalase, invertase, and urease activities varied significantly depending on the straw return model. Catalase activity was significantly(P<0.05) enhanced in S and SN treatments, whereas SP did not affect catalase activity but significantly(P<0.05) increased invertase activity. Urease activities were significantly (P<0.05) reduced in S and SP treatments. Based on Illumina sequencing, chloroflexi 24.2%~25.5%), actinobacteria(21.5%~24.1%), proteobacteria(18.2%~21.1%), acidobacteria(9.5%~11.1%), and fimicutes(7.1%~8.4%) were the predominant phyla in paddy soils. Compared to the control treatment, the relative abundance of proteobacteria was significantly(P<0.05) enriched by 13.9% with straw return. Nonmetric multidimensional scaling analyses showed that S and SN treatments were different from the control treatment, whereas SP was overlapped with the control. This suggests that S and SN considerably altered soil bacterial community compositions, whereas no effect was observed from SP. Overall, this study showed that straw return significantly increased the microbial biomass by providing a carbon source for microbes. However, changes in microbial enzyme activities and community compositions varied according to return model. |
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