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| Impact of a vinegar residue covering on the NH3 and CO2 emissions from cattle manure |
| Received:November 19, 2018 |
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| KeyWord:cattle manure;ammonia;carbon dioxide;vinegar residue covering;emission reduction |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | ZHANG Jin-rui | College of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
Key Laboratory for Farmland Eco-Environment of Hebei Province, Baoding 071000, China | | | JIA Shu-yun | College of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
Key Laboratory for Farmland Eco-Environment of Hebei Province, Baoding 071000, China | | | LIU Mei-ling | College of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
Key Laboratory for Farmland Eco-Environment of Hebei Province, Baoding 071000, China | | | ZHANG Yi | College of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
Key Laboratory for Farmland Eco-Environment of Hebei Province, Baoding 071000, China | | | GAO Zhi-ling | College of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
Key Laboratory for Farmland Eco-Environment of Hebei Province, Baoding 071000, China | zhilinggao@hotmail.com |
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| Abstract: |
| An experiment was carried out to explore the effects of covering on ammonia (NH3)and carbon dioxide (CO2)emissions from stored cattle manure. NH3 and CO2 emissions from stored cattle manure covered by vinegar residues (cover thicknesses of 0.5, 1.0 cm, and 2.0 cm)were measured, using an online measurement system (Innova1412i)and a dynamic chamber technique. The results showed that the vinegar residue covering with thicknesses over 1 cm significantly reduced the NH3 and CO2 emissions from cattle manure, in comparison with the uncovered control (P<0.05). The removal of acid components from the vinegar residue with simulated rainfall (washed vinegar residue)had little effect on its ammonia reduction effect, as covering by washed vinegar residues still achieving an ammonia reduction rate of 81.34% (P<0.05), while mixing with the vinegar residues washing solution had little effect on the NH3 and CO2 emissions. When the covering period was extended from 2 weeks to 3 weeks, the ammonia reduction rates declined from 35.22%~84.97% to 15.58%~60.25%. In addition, the vinegar residue covering also effectively reduced the manure C/N and increased the N/P. In summary, the acidic organic material vinegar residue has been demonstrated to be a useful material for ammonia control, nitrogen retention, and quality upgrading for cattle manure in storage, although the ammonia reduction rate is affected by the implementation duration, and is also influenced by manure storage and covering techniques. |
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