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| Impact of rainfall-runoff on phosphorus export from an agriculture watershed in the hilly region of Yangtze-Huaihe zone, China |
| Received:January 23, 2019 |
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| KeyWord:Huashan watershed;diffuse source pollution;phosphorus;plum rain;typhoon rain |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | LU Hai-ming | Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Nanjing 210029, China | | ZHANG Li | Ewaters Environmental Science & Technology(Shanghai) Ltd, Shanghai 200233, China | | WANG Niu | Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Nanjing 210029, China | | ZOU Ying | Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Nanjing 210029, China |
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| Abstract: |
| Huashan watershed at the upstream of Chengxi Reservoir in Chuzhou City of Anhui Province was selected as the representative agricultural watershed to study the impact of rainfall-runoff processes on watershed phosphorus export patterns in the hilly region of Yangtze-Huaihe transition zone with high water sampling frequency in three hydrological years. Results showed that total phosphorus (TP)concentration and load were almost synchronous with the occurrence of rainfall and runoff. 49% and 24% of the surface water samples exceeded the third and fifth class of National Environmental Standards (GB 3838-2002), which mainly occurred in the rainfall-runoff processes during the rainy seasons. The annual loads of TP per unit area in three hydrological years were 0.72 kg·hm-2·a-1, 0.91 kg·hm-2·a-1 and 3.86 kg·hm-2·a-1. TP load during the wet season and summer occupied 94% and 80% of the annual load respectively. TP load in the plum rain season of 2013 and 2015 occupied 60% of annual load. TP load in the plum rain season of 2014 was only 11% of the annual load, while, 22% of the annual load was exported during the rainfall-runoff caused by the typhoon "Madham" during July 23-25. 50% of annual TP load was exported through direct runoff, which occupied 30% of the annual runoff in 5 to 10 storm runoff events. TP load estimation model could be established based on daily flow. Storm runoff caused by the plum rain and typhoon rain was the main driving force of phosphorus export from Huashan watershed in the hilly region of Yangtze-Huaihe zone. |
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