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| Effects of different castoffs from the same pig farm on the Cu-Zn transport in the lettuce-soil system |
| Received:September 21, 2018 |
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| KeyWord:soil;Cu;Zn;lettuce;pig manure;biogas residue;biogas slurry |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | TANG Ming-deng | Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nutrient Cycling and Farmland Conservation, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer in South Region, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Monitoring and Prevention of Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution, Guangzhou 510640, China | | | WANG Yan-hong | Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nutrient Cycling and Farmland Conservation, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer in South Region, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Monitoring and Prevention of Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution, Guangzhou 510640, China | | | YU Dan-ni | Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nutrient Cycling and Farmland Conservation, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer in South Region, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Monitoring and Prevention of Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution, Guangzhou 510640, China | | | LI Meng-jun | Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nutrient Cycling and Farmland Conservation, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer in South Region, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Monitoring and Prevention of Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution, Guangzhou 510640, China | | | LI Yi-chun | Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nutrient Cycling and Farmland Conservation, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer in South Region, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Monitoring and Prevention of Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution, Guangzhou 510640, China | | | LI Lin-feng | Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nutrient Cycling and Farmland Conservation, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer in South Region, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Monitoring and Prevention of Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution, Guangzhou 510640, China | | | AI Shao-ying | Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nutrient Cycling and Farmland Conservation, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer in South Region, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Monitoring and Prevention of Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution, Guangzhou 510640, China | shaoyingai@21cn.com |
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| Abstract: |
| A pot experiment with two successive crops was conducted to investigate the effects of 3 kinds of castoffs (pig manure, biogas slurry, and biogas residue)from a large scale pig farm in Boluo county, Guangdong Province, south China, on the copper and zinc transport in the lettuce-soil system considering the high copper and zinc concentration in pig farm castoffs. According to application total nitrogen rates of 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, and 0.6 g·kg-1 soil, 4 kg soil in a plastic pot was treated with 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, and 120 g of air-dried pig manure; 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, and 72 g of air-dried biogas residue; or 740, 1480, 2220, 2960, 3700, and 4440 mL of biogas slurry, respectively. All of the pig manure and biogas residue, and 40% of the biogas slurry were used as basal fertilizer, whereas 60% of the biogas slurry was top dressed. The results showed that the kinds and dosages of castoffs significantly affected the shoot biomass of lettuce with the shoot biomass of the 1st lettuce crop significantly greater than that of the 2nd lettuce crop. Cu and Zn concentrations in lettuce shoots ranged from 0.46~2.08 mg·kg-1 and 0.70~14.4 mg·kg-1, respectively. The kinds and dosages of castoffs affected significantly the Cu or Zn concentration in lettuce shoots where impact order was:kinds of castoffs > dosages of castoffs. Cu concentration in the 1st crop lettuce shoots was significantly higher than that in the 2nd crop lettuce shoots, whereas Zn concentration in the 1st crop was significantly lower than that in the 2nd crop. Castoffs increased the Cu concentration in the 1st crop lettuce shoots, but decreased the Cu concentrations in the 2nd crop lettuce shoots among which the impact order was pig manure > biogas residue > biogas slurry, and castoffs decreased Zn concentrations in the 1st or 2nd crop lettuce shoots among which the impact order was pig manure > biogas slurry > biogas residue. The kinds or dosages of castoffs significantly affected the DTPA extractive Cu or Zn concentration in soil between which the impact order was kinds of castoffs > dosages, while lettuce crops did not significantly. The contribution order among 3 castoffs to soil DTPA-Cu or-Zn was biogas residue > pig manure > biogas slurry. Soil DTPA-Cu concentration was significantly and positively correlated with dosages of pig manure or biogas residues, and soil DTPA-Zn concentration was significantly and positively correlated with dosages of biogas slurry, pig manure or biogas residue. The tested Cu-risk soil in the present paper had some capacity of Cu-enriched castoffs because of low Cu or Zn concentration in lettuce. In order to protect the ecological environment, it is necessary that Cu-enriched castoffs from large scale pig farms be applied to soil with a limited amount or low frequency, which may be a more suitable method for application of Cu-enriched castoffs to Cu-deficient soil. |
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