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| Effects of combined application of chemical and organic fertilizers on ammonia volatilization and maize yield in salinized soil |
| Received:November 08, 2018 |
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| KeyWord:salinized soil;combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers;ammonia volatilization |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | ZHOU Hui | College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China | | | SHI Hai-bin | College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China | shi_haibin@sohu.com | | XU Zhao | College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China | | | GUO Jia-wei | College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China | | | FU Xiao-jun | Shahaoqu Irrigation Experimental Station, Jiefangzha Management Bureau of Hetao Irrigation District, Bayannaoer 015400, China | | | LI Zheng-zhong | Shahaoqu Irrigation Experimental Station, Jiefangzha Management Bureau of Hetao Irrigation District, Bayannaoer 015400, China | |
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| Abstract: |
| In order to solve the environmental problems caused by excessive application of inorganic nitrogen fertilizer in Hetao Irrigation District, the aim of this study was to find out the appropriate proportion of organic to inorganic fertilizer application for salinized farmland, with investigation of the effect of organic nitrogen substituting for inorganic nitrogen fertilizer on ammonia volatilization. Field experiments were carried out in 2018. Farmlands with mild(0.45~0.68 dS·m-1)and moderate(1.04~1.40 dS·m-1)salinization were selected, as was a pure nitrogen application rate of 240 kg·hm-2. The same amount of nitrogen was applied to the different treatments, with five treatment sets:chemical fertilizer only, 3/4 chemical fertilizer + 1/4 organic fertilizer, 1/2 chemical fertilizer + 1/2 organic fertilizer, 1/4 chemical fertilizer + 3/4 organic fertilizer, and organic fertilizer only, which were designated U1, U3O1, U1O1, U1O3, and O1, respectively. In addition, a blank control treatment(CK)was employed to study the effects of different fertilization treatments on the ammonia volatilization rate, ammonia volatilization loss, and corn yield. Soil salt concentration decreased first and then increased with the increase in organic fertilizer application. The high-volatility period of ammonia after top dressing became significantly longer than that after basal dressing, with result of the same treatment of mildly and moderately salinized soil, the ammonia volatilization loss after top dressing was 22.15%~64.03% and 14.34%~40.66% higher than that after basal dressing, respectively. The total ammonia volatilization of the same treatment in moderately salinized soil was higher than that in mildly salinized soil by 8.35%~16.46%. Soil ammonia volatilization showed a significant nonlinear relationship with organic fertilizer rate and soil salt concentration. An increase in appropriate organic fertilizer application reduced ammonia volatilization. Soil salinity increased and ammonia volatilization increased. Increasing organic fertilizer application and soil salt concentration had the effect of jointly reducing the loss of ammonia volatilization. Replacing some chemical fertilizers with organic fertilizer can increase corn yield in mildly and moderately salinized soil, as the yield of corn treated with U1O1 treatment was 12.63% and 17.05% higher, respectively, than that of single application urea. Combined with ammonia volatilization loss and corn yield with the mildly and moderately salinized soil, U1O1 not only can ensure high yield, but also can significantly reduce ammonia volatilization loss. It should be recommended as the more suitable treatment for experimental district. |
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