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| Construction and evaluation of a soil nitrogen surplus index system for the wheat maize rotation system in Shandong Province, China: A case study of Dezhou City |
| Received:September 09, 2018 |
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| KeyWord:nitrogen surplus;index system;Euclidean distance;wheat maize rotation system;Dezhou City |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | LIU Hong-yuan | Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China | | | ZHANG Ai-ping | Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China | | | YANG Shi-qi | Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China | | | XING Lei | Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China | | | YANG Zheng-li | Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China | yangzl426@126.com |
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| Abstract: |
| The city of Dezhou in Shandong Province is considered an important center for grain production in China. However, the application of nitrogen fertilizer and nitrogen loss are important sources of nitrogen pollution in this area. Therefore, it is important to determine a reasonable nitrogen surplus index system. Based on field experiments and literature reviews, this study explored the nitrogen surplus of the wheat maize rotation system in Dezhou City, and established a nitrogen surplus index system. According to the results, the surplus amount of nitrogen in the entire rotation cycle, wheat season, and maize season was 196.84 kg N·hm-2·a-1, 111.07 kg N·hm-2, and 85.77 kg N·hm-2, respectively. In addition, the recommended value of nitrogen surplus in the entire rotation period, wheat season, and maize season in Dezhou City was 30~70 kg N·hm-2·a-1, 10~50 kg N·hm-2, and 20~60 kg N·hm-2, respectively. Nitrogen fertilizer was the main source of nitrogen input, while ammonia emissions, leaching, and runoff were the main pathways of nitrogen loss. Nitrogen pollution was serious in the wheat season and relatively light in the maize season, and furthermore, nitrogen loss during the entire rotation cycle was serious. The evaluation theory of Euclidean distance accurately calculated the level of N management in Dezhou City with a score of 0.63, which corresponds to a middle level of N management. In summary, this study analyzed the nitrogen surplus situation and established an initial index system of nitrogen surplus in Dezhou City, which also provided the basis for recommending a scientific and reasonable nitrogen management system. |
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