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| Accumulation of roxarsone metabolites in soil and availability to plants |
| Received:June 28, 2018 |
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| KeyWord:roxarsone;chicken manure;Chrysanthemum coronarium;plant availability;arsenic accumulation |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | HUANG Lian-xi | Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer in South Region, Ministry of Agriculture
Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nutrient Cycling and Farmland Conservation, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China | | WEI Lan | Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer in South Region, Ministry of Agriculture
Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nutrient Cycling and Farmland Conservation, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China | | YAO Li-xian | Academy of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, China | | HE Zhao-huan | Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer in South Region, Ministry of Agriculture
Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nutrient Cycling and Farmland Conservation, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China | | ZHOU Chang-min | Academy of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, China |
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| Abstract: |
| Roxarsone is an organoarsenic feed additive that can be degraded to other higher toxic metabolites after animal excretion. To investigate the accumulation of arsenic metabolites in soils and vegetables after degradation and transformation of organoarsenic feed additives, feces excreted from chickens fed with feed containing roxarsone were used as organic fertilizer for Chrysanthemum coronarium plants. After harvesting, the composition and content of arsenic compounds in soils and different parts of C. coronarium were measured. Results showed that the degradation products of roxarsone in chicken manure mainly contained arsenite[As (Ⅲ)], arsenate[As (Ⅴ)], dimethylarsinic acid, monomethylarsonic acid, 4-hydroxyphenylarsonic acid, and other unknown arsenic species. Only As (Ⅲ) was detected in shoots of C. coronarium; however, two arsenic species, As (Ⅲ) and As (Ⅴ), were detected in the roots of C. coronarium. Chicken manure containing roxarsone metabolites had significantly higher (13.8% ±0.4%~37.4% ±6.5%) As (Ⅲ) in shoots, and significantly higher[112.9% ±4.5%~123.2% ±6.5% As (Ⅲ) and 44.4% ±2.6%~78.0% ±5.1% As (Ⅴ)] in roots of C. coronarium than that in the control treatment. The addition of chicken manure containing roxarsone metabolites also significantly increased the content of extractable As (Ⅲ) and As (Ⅴ) in soils, with elevated rates of 49.1% ±4.4% and 33.4% ±2.3%, respectively. In chicken manure containing roxarsone metabolites amended soils, there was 4.9% ±1.0%~20.0% ±1.2% of extractable As (Ⅲ) and 11.7% ±2.4%~18.0% ±4.7% of extractable As (Ⅴ) higher than that in the control chicken manure amended soils at the end of the three growth stages in C. coronarium. The average absorption rates of As (Ⅲ) and As (Ⅴ) in C. coronarium were 25.8% and 14.3% higher, respectively, in chicken manure containing roxarsone metabolites than that in the control chicken manure treatment. The results reflected the fact that the toxic element As could be absorbed and accumulated by vegetables via the following route:organoarsenic in feed → animal → animal manure → soil → vegetable. The seasonal application of chicken manure containing organoarsenic metabolite is safe for Chrysanthemum; however, it will increase the As (Ⅲ) metabolite content in soils, and thus the cumulative risk of continuous application can not be ignored. |
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