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| Contamination characteristics of heavy metals in greenhouse vegetable fields of Xinmin, Shenyang City, China |
| Received:July 09, 2018 |
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| KeyWord:greenhouse vegetable field;soil;planting year;heavy metals;contamination characteristic |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | GUO Pan | Key Laboratory of Regional Environment and Eco-remediation, Ministry of Education, Shenyang University, Shenyang 110044, China | | | SONG Xue-ying | Key Laboratory of Regional Environment and Eco-remediation, Ministry of Education, Shenyang University, Shenyang 110044, China | songxy2046@163.com | | LIU Wei-jian | Key Laboratory of Regional Environment and Eco-remediation, Ministry of Education, Shenyang University, Shenyang 110044, China | | | LI Yu-shuang | Key Laboratory of Regional Environment and Eco-remediation, Ministry of Education, Shenyang University, Shenyang 110044, China | | | WEI Jian-bing | Key Laboratory of Regional Environment and Eco-remediation, Ministry of Education, Shenyang University, Shenyang 110044, China | | | LI Xiu-ying | Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China | | | XIA Si-yu | College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China | |
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| Abstract: |
| Soil samples were collected from greenhouse vegetable fields of different planting years from the Xinmin vegetable field, Shenyang, China. Soil samples from the open vegetable and maize fields were used as controls. The concentration of cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), mercury (Hg), and arsenic (As), which are listed in the Environmental Quality Evaluation Standards for Farmland of Greenhouse Vegetables Production (HJ/T 333-2006), was determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry and atomic fluorescence spectrometry. Basic physicochemical properties of soil including pH and the content of soil organic matter (OM), total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorus (TP) were also measured. The concentration of heavy metals in the greenhouse vegetable fields decreased in the following order:Zn > Cr > Cu > Ni > Pb > As > Hg > Cd. The concentration of Cu, Cd, and Hg exceeded the relative control standards at the rate of 2.4%, 26.8%, and 22.0%, respectively. The concentration of Cd, Cu, Zn, As, and Hg in the greenhouse vegetable fields was higher than that in the open vegetable and maize fields. Furthermore, the concentration of Pb, Ni, and Cr in the greenhouse vegetable fields was lower than that in the open vegetable fields. The comprehensive pollution Nemerow Index of heavy metals in the greenhouse vegetable soil of Xinmin vegetable base was approximately 0.87, within the range of warning limits. The concentration of Cr and Cd in soil positively correlated with the planting year. The concentration of Cu, Zn, Cd, and Cr in soil positively correlated with the soil OM content (P<0.05). The concentration of Cu, Zn, and Cr in soil positively correlated with the TN content. In addition, Cu and Zn, Cr and Zn, Cd and Zn, Pb and Ni, Cr and Ni, and Cd and Cr were positively correlated. |
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