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| Effect of long-term fertilization on spatio-temporal changes and risk of nitrogen and phosphorus loss in intensive vegetable production system soil |
| Received:August 19, 2018 Revised:October 17, 2018 |
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| KeyWord:intensive vegetable production field;soil nutrient;accumulation;migration |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | SHI Ning | Institute of Resources and Environment, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
Key Laboratory of AgroEnvironment of Huang-Huai-Hai Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jinan 250100, China | | | LI Yan | Institute of Resources and Environment, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
Key Laboratory of AgroEnvironment of Huang-Huai-Hai Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jinan 250100, China
Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Non-Point Source Pollution Control and Prevention, Jinan 250100, China | nkyliyan@126.com | | JING Yong-ping | Institute of Resources and Environment, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
Key Laboratory of AgroEnvironment of Huang-Huai-Hai Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jinan 250100, China
Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Non-Point Source Pollution Control and Prevention, Jinan 250100, China | | | BO Lu-ji | Institute of Resources and Environment, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
Key Laboratory of AgroEnvironment of Huang-Huai-Hai Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jinan 250100, China
Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Non-Point Source Pollution Control and Prevention, Jinan 250100, China | | | ZHANG Ying-peng | Institute of Resources and Environment, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
Key Laboratory of AgroEnvironment of Huang-Huai-Hai Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jinan 250100, China
Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Non-Point Source Pollution Control and Prevention, Jinan 250100, China | | | SUN Ming | Institute of Resources and Environment, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
Key Laboratory of AgroEnvironment of Huang-Huai-Hai Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jinan 250100, China
Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Non-Point Source Pollution Control and Prevention, Jinan 250100, China | | | ZHONG Zi-wen | Institute of Resources and Environment, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
Key Laboratory of AgroEnvironment of Huang-Huai-Hai Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jinan 250100, China
Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Non-Point Source Pollution Control and Prevention, Jinan 250100, China | |
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| Abstract: |
| The objectives of this study were to investigate the input of nutrients in Shandong's intensive agricultural production system, the change in soil fertility in long-term-fertilized vegetable fields, and the status of soil nitrogen and phosphorus accumulation and migration in different soil layers. The results will provide a theoretical basis to reduce leaching risk and promote sustainable vegetable production in future. We investigated the situation of chemical and organic fertilizer application in intensive cucumber and tomato producing regions of Shandong Province. Soil samples were collected from different layers at the depth of 0~100 cm from vegetable fields intensively cultivated for 5, 10, 15, and 20 years. The surrounding grain field soil was used as the control. The physical and chemical properties of soil were measured. The input of nutrients in intensive vegetable production system was significantly reduced, and the amount of nutrients in organic fertilizer was equal to that in chemical fertilizer. The total amount of nutrient input was too high:1033 kg·hm-2 (N), 765 kg·hm-2 (P2O5), and 1068 kg·hm-2 (K2O)for cucumber; and 710 kg·hm-2 (N), 503 kg·hm-2 (P2O5), and 755 kg·hm-2 (K2O)for tomato. The proportion of nutrient output was increased:25% (N), 10% (P2O5), and 29% (K2O). Nitrate in the soil profile leached considerably and soil phosphorus accumulated with the extension of cultivation years in long-term-fertilized intensive vegetable fields. In the 0~20 cm soil layer, the content of phosphorus reached 345 mg·kg-1. Long-term single rotation planting model promoted soil acidification, and nutrient accumulation and migration. The 40~60 cm soil layer was the key layer for nitrate migration to deep soil layers, and it mainly occurred during the cultivation period of 10~15 years. Phosphorus accumulation mainly occurred in the 0~40 cm soil layer at the beginning of 5~10 years, which then gradually migrated to deeper soil layers with cultivation time, leading to its accumulation in the 40~100 cm soil layers during the years 10~15. The total amount of nutrient input is still higher than the vegetable demand. The application of chemical-organic fertilizer would promote nutrient accumulation and migration in soil, with potential environment threat. There was spatio-temporal difference in the concentration of accumulated nitrate and phosphorus from surface soil to deep soil layers in the vegetable field. Ten-year cultivation was the critical period for the change in nutrient accumulation and migration in the 0~100 cm soil layers of the vegetable field. |
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