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| Effect of controlled-release fertilizer on the yield and soil ammonia volatilization of spring maize in northeast China |
| Received:December 27, 2017 |
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| KeyWord:controlled-release fertilizer;northeast China spring maize;ammonia volatilization |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | SONG Zi-xuan | Institude of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academic of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Non-point Sources Pollution Control, Ministry of Agriculture/CAAS-UNH Joint Laboratory for Sustainable Agro-ecosystem Research, Beijing 100081, China | | | LI Hu | Institude of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academic of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Non-point Sources Pollution Control, Ministry of Agriculture/CAAS-UNH Joint Laboratory for Sustainable Agro-ecosystem Research, Beijing 100081, China | | | LI Jian-zheng | Agricultural Information Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China | | | YIN Cai-xia | Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jilin Academic of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130033 | | | WANG Ying-chun | Institude of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academic of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Non-point Sources Pollution Control, Ministry of Agriculture/CAAS-UNH Joint Laboratory for Sustainable Agro-ecosystem Research, Beijing 100081, China | | | SHAN Nan | College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China | | | WANG Li-gang | Institude of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academic of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Non-point Sources Pollution Control, Ministry of Agriculture/CAAS-UNH Joint Laboratory for Sustainable Agro-ecosystem Research, Beijing 100081, China | wangligang@caas.cn |
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| Abstract: |
| The impacts of applying nitrogen controlled-release fertilizer (CRF) on crop yield and ammonia volatilization from spring maize systems are unclear. To provide clarity to this issue, we investigated the impacts of different fertilization treatments, i.e., conventional farmer's practices (FP) (180 kg N·hm-2), CRF180 (180 kg N·hm-2), and CRF144 (144 kg N·hm-2), on maize yield of and ammonia volatilization from spring maize systems in northeast China by using the Drager-Tube Method (DTM). The results showed that the characteristics of ammonia volatilization were primarily controlled via fertilization and rainfall and were similar across different treatments. Peaks of ammonia volatilization were observed on days 1~2 and 11~12 following base and top fertilization, respectively. The peaks gradually decreased to zero 12~14 days following the fertilization events under FP. However, there was a small amount of ammonia volatilization under CRF180 and CRF144 14 days after the fertilization events. The annual total ammonia emissions were 19.9, 23.8, and 19.6 kg·hm-2, respectively, under FP, CRF180, and CRF144 and were not significantly (P>0.05) different across the treatments. The ammonia loss rates accounted for 11.06%, 13.22%, and 13.61% of the nitrogen applied, respectively, for FP, CRF180, and CRF144. The maize yields were higher than 12 t·hm-2 for both FP and CRF144. There was no significant difference in agronomic efficiency between CRF180 and FP and in maize yield between CRF144 and FP. However, the CRF144 treatment significantly improved agricultural efficiency and the partial productivity of nitrogen fertilizer (P<0.05) and had a positive effect on reducing the labor cost. Therefore, the practice of reducing the nitrogen application by 20% in combination with applying CRF is a suitable technology for increasing crop yield of and reducing ammonia volatilization from spring maize fields in this area. |
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