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| Effects of soil amendments with stalk-derived biochar and chicken manure on the growth and Cd uptake of maize under Cd stress |
| Received:February 26, 2018 |
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| KeyWord:stalk-derived biochar;chicken manure;maize growth;antioxidant enzymatic activities;Cd uptake;soil-available Cd content |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | YUE Fei-xue | College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China | | | LI Ji-wei | College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China | | | WANG Yan-fang | College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China | | | LIU Ling | College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China | liulinghenan@126.com |
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| Abstract: |
| To explore the effects of the stalk-derived biochar and chicken manure, individually or in combination, on the remediation of Cdcontaminated soil, we conducted a pot experiment to investigate the influences of soil amendments with biochar (20, 40 g·kg-1 soil), chicken manure (20, 40 g·kg-1 soil), or a combination of biochar and chicken manure (each at 20 g·kg-1 soil) on the growth and Cd uptake of maize under Cd stress. Results showed that all treatments with stalk-derived biochar and chicken manure addition significantly increased the maize plant height and biomass and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) but decreased the malondialdehyde (MDA) contents when compared to those of the control treatment, this indicated soil amendment with stalk-derived biochar and/or chicken manure could alleviate the phytotoxicity of Cd and its negative effects on maize. Stalk-derived biochar and chicken manure treatments also remarkably decreased the Cd concentration in the root, stem, and leaf of the maize, bioconcentration factor (BCF), translocation factor (TF), and soil-available Cd content. Amendment with chicken manure alone more fully facilitated maize growth whereas biochar only amendment was more effective at inducing soil alkalinization and contributing to Cd immobilization. Compared to the control, the addition of 40 g·kg-1 chicken manure produced the largest effects on promoting maize growth and antioxidant enzyme activities, with 59.7% and 72.5% higher plant height and biomass, respectively, and 48.4%,69.4%, and 81.9% higher activities of SOD, POD, and CAT, respectively. The combined treatment with biochar and chicken manure was more efficient at reducing Cd uptake in the root, stem, and leaf of maize and soil-available Cd content, with 46.9%, 49.3%, and 63.9% lower Cd contents in the root, stem, and leaf of maize, respectively, and 61.1% lower soil-available Cd content. In general, soil amendment with stalk-derived biochar and/or chicken manure can enhance the activities of antioxidant enzymes, thus promoting the growth of maize under Cd stress. Moreover, a combination of biochar and chicken manure is more effective at reducing soil Cd bioavailability and decreasing Cd uptake by maize tissues. |
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