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| Dynamics and pollution features of ammonia and particulate matter during different pig breeding stages |
| Received:October 23, 2017 |
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| KeyWord:air pollutants;ambient concentration;pollution characteristics;breeding industry;pig house |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | XU Wen | College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China | | | LIU Xue-jun | College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China | liu310@cau.edu.cn | | MENG Ling-min | College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China | | | ZHENG Kun | College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China | |
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| Abstract: |
| To reveal the pollution characteristics and temporal(i.e., diurnal and seasonal) variations of ammonia and particulate matter in different breeding stages of pigs, the indoor concentrations of NH3 and particulate matter[PM:including total suspended particulate matter(TSP, aerodynamic diameter ≤ 100 μm), PM10, and PM2.5] for four types of pig houses(i.e., fattening, gestation, farrowing, and weaning pig houses) at an intensive farm in the suburbs of Beijing were investigated in this study. Gaseous NH3 was sampled using passive samplers and detector tubes, and aerial PM was collected using middle-flow particle samplers. Monthly mean NH3 concentrations in the fattening, gestation, fallowing, and weaning pig houses averaged(3.26±1.49), (3.48±2.20), (2.95±1.13), and(2.94±1.48) mg·m-3, respectively, and exhibited pronounced seasonal variations, ranking in the order:winter > autumn > summer. Real-time NH3 concentrations in the fattening, weaning, and gestation pig houses were in the ranges of 3.43~7.99, 0.82~4.51, and 0.99~3.14 mg·m-3, respectively, which to some extent is affected by manure removal. Daily mean concentrations of TSP, PM10, and PM2.5 averaged(0.99±0.32), (0.18±0.04), and(0.07±0.03) mg·m-3 in the weaning pig houses, respectively, whereas they amounted to(2.39±0.39), (0.88±0.17), and(0.40±0.17) mg·m-3 in the fattening pig houses. Further analysis of the concentrations showed that PM with a diameter of 10~100 μm dominated the indoor particle pollution, accounting for 82% and 63% of TSP mass concentrations in the weaning and fattening pig houses, respectively. Our results suggest that the detected indoor NH3 and PM levels could pose potential health risks to pigs and humans and that relevant air pollution control strategies should be implemented to improve indoor air quality of intensive pig farms in the future. |
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