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| Seasonal variation, based on metagenomic analysis, in the bacterial community of a microbial fermentation-bed used for pig-raising |
| Received:September 28, 2017 |
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| KeyWord:microbial fermentation bed;bacterial diversity;high-throughput sequencing;predictive functional profiling |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | CHEN Qian-qian | Fujian Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, China | | | LIU Bo | Fujian Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, China | fzliubo@163.com | | WANG Jie-ping | Fujian Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, China | | | ZHU Yu-jing | Fujian Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, China | | | ZHANG Hai-feng | Fujian Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, China | |
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| Abstract: |
| The main objectives of this study was to investigating the bacterial communities in a microbial fermentation-bed(MFB) during summer and winter, and to provide appropriate information that will improve the biodegradation of pig manures. The diversity and dynamics of the bacterial communities in the MFB system were evaluated by Illumina sequencing of 16S rDNA from the hypervariable region of the V3-V4 gene. The bacterial community succession was analyzed by heatmap. Redundancy analysis(RDA) was used to investigating the relationship between bacterial communities and seasonal temperatures. Predictive functional composition of a bacterial community was also used, along with Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States(PICRUSt). A total of 762,923 sequences were obtained from samples collected over the two seasons. They represented 34 phyla, 70 classes, 260 families, and 1843 operational taxonomic units(OTUs). Summer and winter litters had different bacterial community structures. More valid sequencing reads and OTUs, and a richer diversity of bacterial taxa could be found in the litters during summer than in winter. The main phyla in the MFB for the two seasons were Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Actinobacteria. At the phylum level, the Actinobacteria and Deinococcus-Thermus contents in the summer samples were much higher than in the winter samples. However, the Phyla Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria contents in the winter samples were higher than in the summer samples. The main organic degradation bacteria in summer were genera Truepera and Moheibacter, whereas they were Pseudomonas and Thiopseudomonas in winter. These differences could be associated with the biodegradation of pig manure at high and low temperatures, respectively. The PICRUSt analysis indicated that the expression levels of genes involved in amino acid, carbohydrate, and lipid metabolism were higher in summer. This study showed that season is an important factor affecting the bacterial communities. The MFB in summer had a greater bacterial diversity, richness, and more metabolism genes than the bed in winter. This research provides theoretical guidance for the biodegradation of pig manure and the maintenance of the mattress in an MFB. |
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