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| Evolution of soil morphology and properties after land-use change from paddy field to orchard farm |
| Received:October 24, 2017 |
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| KeyWord:paddy field;orchard;land use;soil morphology;phospholipid fatty acid(PLFA) |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | YANG Dong-wei | College of Environment and Resources, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
College of Tourism, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
Business College, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China | | | ZHANG Ming-kui | College of Environment and Resources, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China | mkzhang@zju.edu.cn | | ZHANG Peng-qi | College of Tourism, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China | | | LIU Qian-qian | College of Tourism, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China | | | LI Xue | College of Tourism, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China | | | HUANG Xiao | College of Tourism, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China | | | LI Li-lin | College of Tourism, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China | |
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| Abstract: |
| In recent years, land-use change from paddy field to economic forest has been very common in Southern China. To understand the effects of such change on soil quality, we selected a series of soils of paddy fields and orchard farms, collected from different layers of the soil profiles in Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, and compared morphology characteristics and properties of the paddy and orchard soils, using a combination of field investigations and laboratory analyses. After reclamation for 20 years, compared with paddy fields the groundwater level of orchard farms had fallen by 20 cm; moreover, soil bulk density and the hardness of the plow layer had increased by 28.0% and 2.65 times, respectively. The brightness and chroma of the colors of the plow layer and plough pan soils had increased, whereas rust spots were reduced. Soil pH had declined, and soil organic matter, total nitrogen, and alkali-hydrolysable nitrogen had decreased by 42.1%, 40.3%, and 37.4%, respectively, in plow layer. Although effective phosphorus and total potassium in the plow layer soils showed an increasing trend, soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen were in contrast decreased by 76.5% and 52.1%, respectively. The ratio of aerobic bacteria to anaerobic bacteria had increased by 97.0%, whereas that of gram-negative to gram-positive bacteria had decreased by 24.6%, and changes in the soil microbial community structure had occurred. The results indicate that after the reclamation of paddy into orchard farm, soil morphology and properties have undergone significant changes, and these have significant influences on the soil ecological environment. |
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