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| Residues of imidacloprid and its metabolites in pollen, and exposure assessment for honey bees after spray application during the flowering period of tea |
| Received:December 20, 2017 |
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| KeyWord:tea;pollen;imidacloprid;metabolite;bees;risk assessment |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | LIANG Xiu-mei | College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
Analysis Test Center, Wenzhou Vocational College of Science and Technology, Wenzhou 325006, China | | | WANG Xiang-yun | State Key Lab Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Plant Pest Control
MOA Key Lab for Pesticide Residue Detection
Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China | | | WANG Zhi-wei | State Key Lab Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Plant Pest Control
MOA Key Lab for Pesticide Residue Detection
Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China | | | QI Pei-pei | State Key Lab Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Plant Pest Control
MOA Key Lab for Pesticide Residue Detection
Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China | | | WANG Xin-quan | State Key Lab Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Plant Pest Control
MOA Key Lab for Pesticide Residue Detection
Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China | | | WANG Qiang | College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
State Key Lab Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Plant Pest Control
MOA Key Lab for Pesticide Residue Detection
Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China | qiangwang_zaas@163.com |
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| Abstract: |
| In order to assess the risk of imidacloprid exposure to honey bees, a wettable powder with 10% imidacloprid active ingredient was sprayed during the tea flowering period in a greenhouse covered with fly net. Residues of imidacloprid and its metabolites were detected in bee pollens, and an exposure assessment was carried out. The risk quotient of spray application(RQsp) showed that the acute contact risk was unacceptable. The exposure toxicity ratios(ETRs) showed that the risk of adult chronic exposure was also unacceptable for residues in pollen collected during 0~13 days after application, while the acute oral risk was acceptable. Moreover, it was observed that the risk after imidacloprid application was mainly due to the parent residue, while its metabolites accounted for less than 2% of the overall risk. Based on the assessment results and the limitations of the present experiment, further trials are necessary to more precisely understand the risk to honey bees of imidacloprid application on tea. |
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