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| The effect of citric acid on iron plaque formation on root surface and iron uptake/translocation in rice after γFe2O3 NPs exposure |
| Received:January 21, 2017 |
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| KeyWord:Fe2O3 NPs;rice;iron plaque;uptake;translocation |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | HU Lu | Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria at Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
Tianjin Key Laboratory of Remediation & Pollution Control for Urban Ecological Environment, Tianjin 300350, China | | | CHEN Qi | Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria at Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
Tianjin Key Laboratory of Remediation & Pollution Control for Urban Ecological Environment, Tianjin 300350, China | | | LI Yun-xia | Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria at Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
Tianjin Key Laboratory of Remediation & Pollution Control for Urban Ecological Environment, Tianjin 300350, China | | | YAN Da-fang | Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria at Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
Tianjin Key Laboratory of Remediation & Pollution Control for Urban Ecological Environment, Tianjin 300350, China | | | BAO Yan-yu | Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria at Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
Tianjin Key Laboratory of Remediation & Pollution Control for Urban Ecological Environment, Tianjin 300350, China | baoyanyu@nankai.edu.cn |
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| Abstract: |
| The aim of this study was to identify the effect of citric acid on iron plaque formation on the root surface of rice, and iron uptake and translocation after exposure to γFe2O3 nanoparticles(NPs) in a hydroponic culture experiment. The results showed that the addition of citric acid(low concentration or uncoated NPs) greatly increased the biomass of roots, but not to that of aboveground rice, compared with the single Fe2O3 NPs treatment. Fe2O3 NPs exposure induced iron plaque formation on root surfaces of rice. However, the presence of citric acid decreased the amount of iron plaque, which could have been caused by low Fe2+ dissolution from Fe2O3 NPs in the presence of citric acid. Also, citric acid(2.10 mg·L-1) coated NPs promoted iron plaque formation. Iron plaque was mainly comprised of amorphous fractions, except in the citric acid-coated treatment. The crystal fraction was only 24.88%~48.12% of the total amount of iron plaque. As the crystal fraction was consistent with that of NPs from the XRD analysis, it was speculated that the crystal fraction could come mainly from the direct adsorption precipitation of NPs, and then as iron plaque components. The addition of citric acid significantly decreased iron accumulation on the root surface and in the root, but significantly increased the accumulation in the aboveground parts. However, the citric acid-coated NPs treatment increased the accumulation of iron on the root surface and in the shoot, and decreased the accumulation in the root. Low concentration of citric acid(2.10 mg·L-1, coated and uncoated NPs) decreased iron translocation from the root surface to the root, and increased the translocation from the root to aboveground parts. Iron enrichment was found in all NPs treatments, and the enrichment factors on the root surface and in aboveground parts were significantly higher than in the root. |
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