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| Characterization of runoff phosphorus export from small agricultural catchments with different spatial distribution patterns of rice paddies in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area |
| Received:August 18, 2016 |
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| KeyWord:Three Gorges Reservoir;non-point source pollution;agricultural watershed;phosphorus |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | LUO Bai-lin | College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Beibei 400716, China | | | SHANG Er-feng | College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Beibei 400716, China | | | LIN Xiao | College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Beibei 400716, China | | | SHI Shu | College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Beibei 400716, China | | | LIU Yuan-yuan | College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Beibei 400716, China | | | NI Jiu-pai | College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Beibei 400716, China
Engineering Research Center for Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution Control in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Beibei 400716, China
Key Laboratory of MOE for Eco-environments in Three-Gorges Reservoir Region, Beibei 400715, China | | | XIE De-ti | College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Beibei 400716, China
Engineering Research Center for Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution Control in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Beibei 400716, China
Key Laboratory of MOE for Eco-environments in Three-Gorges Reservoir Region, Beibei 400715, China | | | MU Zhi-jian | College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Beibei 400716, China
Engineering Research Center for Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution Control in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Beibei 400716, China
Key Laboratory of MOE for Eco-environments in Three-Gorges Reservoir Region, Beibei 400715, China | muzj@swu.edu.cn |
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| Abstract: |
| A high frequency(daily) monitoring campaign was carried out in two adjacent catchments in Fuling of the Three Gorges Reservoir for one whole year with the aims of analyzing comparatively the impact of spatial distribution pattern of rice paddies on phosphorus(P) concentration and export fluxes in runoff. The two catchments were subjected to the same climate conditions, tillage and cropping practices, and received the equivalent fertilization rates in terms of per unit of land area. Nevertheless, the rice paddies in one catchment(marked A) were scattered and higher in fragmentation index, and those in the other(marked B) were mainly distributed at the bottom of the catchment and lower in fragmentation index. Comparing the two catchments, the average runoff concentration of total P in A was correspondingly higher than that in B all over the year and in the different crop growing seasons. Similarly, the amount of runoff from the outlet in A(1431 m3·hm-2·a-1) was significantly higher than that in B(840 m3·hm-2·a-1). As a result, the total P export flux from A(210 g·hm-2·a-1) was much higher than that from B(72 g·hm-2·a-1). For both the catchments A and B, the runoff P concentration during the rice/maize season far exceeded that of the mustard season, and the total loss of runoff P during the former season was 1.9 and 3.6 times higher than that of the latter season, respectively. The differences in the runoff concentration and loss of P between the two studied catchments might be attributed to the different spatial distribution patterns of the rice fields within them. This indicates that the reasonable configuration of rice paddies can serve as an effective measure to reduce runoff P discharge in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area. |
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