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| Effects of maize stover biochar on phosphorus losses in rice-oilseed rape cropping system |
| Received:January 12, 2016 |
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| KeyWord:biochar;maize stover;rice-rape cropping system;paddy field water;phosphorus |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | HUA Ling-ling | Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China | | | WANG Hong-yuan | Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China | | | ZHAI Li-mei | Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China | zhailimei@caas.cn | | FU Bin | Agricultural Resources & Environment Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650205, China | | | GAI Xia-pu | Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China | | | HU Wan-li | Agricultural Resources & Environment Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650205, China | |
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| Abstract: |
| A two-year (2013-2015) plot experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of biochar (made from maize stover) on phosphorus (P) losses in rice-oilseed rape cropping system in Dali Erhai Lake Basin in Dali, Yunnan Province, China. The experiment consisted of four treatments:conventional fertilizer (NPK), conventional fertilizer plus biochar (NPK+C), biochar in replacement of half of the conventional fertilizer (1/2NPK+C), and conventional fertilizer plus maize stover (NPK+S). Soil available P content, crop yields and P uptake as well as total P (TP) and dissolved P (TDP) in paddy field water were determined for all treatments throughout the study. Compared with the conventional fertilizer treatment, applications of biochar or maize stover significantly increased rice and rape yields, but did not significantly affect P concentrations in paddy field water. The treatment with biochar replacing half of the conventional fertilizer significantly decreased TP and TDP concentrations in paddy field water without reducing rice and rape yields. During the first week of transplanting rice, the con centrations of TP and TDP in paddy field water peaked on the first day, then decreased rapidly, and ultimately became stable. They de creased by 64.2% to 79.1% and 63.1% to 82.4% at the end of the first week. We conclude that replacing P fertilizer rate with biochar can reduce P loss risks via paddy field water without negatively affecting crop yields, and that the first week of transplanting rice is a critical period for controlling the risks of field water Plosses. |
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