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| Chemical and Biological Changes During Early Stage of Composting of Different Animal Wastes |
| Received:May 12, 2015 |
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| KeyWord:animal wastes;composting;cellulose-decomposting microorganism;thermophilic microorganism |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | CAO Yun | Jiangsu Agricultural Waste Treatment and Recycle Engineering Research Center, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China | | | CHANG Zhi-zhou | Jiangsu Agricultural Waste Treatment and Recycle Engineering Research Center, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China | czhizhou@hotmail.com | | HUANG Hong-ying | Jiangsu Agricultural Waste Treatment and Recycle Engineering Research Center, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China | | | XU Yue-ding | Jiangsu Agricultural Waste Treatment and Recycle Engineering Research Center, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China | | | WU Hua-shan | Jiangsu Agricultural Waste Treatment and Recycle Engineering Research Center, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China | |
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| Abstract: |
| Prolonging the thermophilic phase of composting is an effective measure to increase the efficiency of composting. It is necessary to elucidate factors determining persistent high temperature during composting. In this study, chemical properties, microbial populations and enzyme(dehydrogenase, protease and cellulase) activities were determined during the early stage of composting of poultry waste, pig manure, and dairy manure. Temperature in three piles increased to 50 ℃ within 2 d and remained above that for 5 d when the initial moisture content was adjusted to ~55%. The products met the national decontamination standard for animal feces. The populations of bacteria, fungi, actinomycetics and cellulose-decomposing microorganisms showed similar trends among three piles during composting. The mesophilic microbial population increased at the initial stage, but decreased at the thermophilic phase, while the thermophilic microbial population increased with increasing temperature. The populations of fungi, thermophilic actinomycetes and cellulose-decomposing microorganisms in the dairy manure compost were significantly greater than those in the poultry waste and pig manure compost(P≤0.05). Dehydrogenase activity in these three piles increased initially but declined thereafter, while the protease activity increased with increasing compost temperature. Cellulose activity fluctuated at begining and showed ascendant trend in pig and dairy manure composts, but declined later in the poultry wastes. The thermophilic cellulose-decomposing microorganism population was significantly positively correlated with temperature in the three piles during composting(P≤0.05). |
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