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| Bioaccumulation and Oxidative Stresses of Cadmium in Earthworm Eisenia Foetida in a Paddy Soil |
| Received:April 11, 2015 |
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| KeyWord:soil;cadmium;earthworm;bioaccumulation;oxidative stress |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | CHEN Xian | School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou 213001, China
State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China | | | WANG Xiao-rong | State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China | ekxr@nju.edu.cn | | JI Rong | State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China | |
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| Abstract: |
| Ecological risk assessment and early diagnosis of soil heavy metal pollution are critical for soil environmental sustainability. In this study, earthworms(Eisenia foetida) were exposed to a paddy soil spiked with Cd at different concentrations(0~10 mg·kg-1 dry soil) for 14 days. The bioaccumulation of Cd and other metals and the biochemical[active oxygen species(ROS), activities of anti-oxidative enzymes and oxidative damage proteins)] responses to Cd exposure of earthworms were determined. Cadmium had higher bioaccumulation in earthworms than other metals did, with a biota-to-soil accumulation factor(BSAF) of 14.86 for Cd. Cadmium at higher concentrations significantly inhibited bioaccumulation of Ni, Cu, and Zn(P< 0.05). Soil bioavailable Cd concentrations determined by Diffusive Gradient in Thin film technique(DGT) and earthworm Cd concentrations fit the Saturation Model well. ROS and protein carbonyl(PCO) were induced significantly(P< 0.01) by Cd additions, whereas the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD), catalase(CAT), and glutathione S-transferase(GST) decreased initially but increased then, showing a U-shaped dose-response. Based on the present results, ROS and PCO were selected as biomarkers and the potential toxicity thresholds to earthworms were 0.13~0.21 μg·L-1 DGT-Cd. |
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