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| Optimum Ventilation Rates for Pig Carcass Composting |
| Received:March 19, 2014 |
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| KeyWord:aerobic compost;harmless disposal;carcass;resource utilization |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | SHANG Bin | Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Lab of Energy Conservation and Waster Treatment of Agricultural Structures, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China | | | TAO Xiu-ping | Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Lab of Energy Conservation and Waster Treatment of Agricultural Structures, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China | | | DONG Hong-min | Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Lab of Energy Conservation and Waster Treatment of Agricultural Structures, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China | donghongmin@caas.cn | | GUO Dong-po | Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Lab of Energy Conservation and Waster Treatment of Agricultural Structures, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China | | | HAO Feng-pei | Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Lab of Energy Conservation and Waster Treatment of Agricultural Structures, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China | | | HUANG Wen-qiang | Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Lab of Energy Conservation and Waster Treatment of Agricultural Structures, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China | | | WANG Yue | Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Lab of Energy Conservation and Waster Treatment of Agricultural Structures, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China | |
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| Abstract: |
| The conventional disposal of dead animal carcasses is land burial in China. However, it poses a potential contamination risk to groundwater at burial sites. Composting carcasses not only greatly reduces the volume and mass of the wastes, but also destroys pathogens. Ventilation is a key factor influencing the composting efficiency. Here an experiment was conducted using composting bins to determine the optimum ventilation rate of dead pig composting. The dimensions of the composting bin were 1 m(length)×1 m(width)×1 m(height). Three ventilation rates of 100 L·min-1·m-3, 80 L·min-1·m-3 and 60 L·min-1·m-3, designated respectively as treatment 1, 2, and 3, were designed with 3 replicate composting bins each treatment. Dead pigs with a total weight of 57.7~58.5 kg were put in the center of each bin containing mixture of corn stalks and pig manure. The composts obtained under average daily temperature over 55 ℃ for 45 d, 35 d, and 43 d for treatment 1, 2 and 3, respectively, met the national standard. The degradation rates(wet basis) of dead pigs after 46 d fermentation were(95.6±1.1)%, (94.6±2.2)% and (96.2±1.5)% for treatment 1, 2 and 3, respectively, with no significant differences observed among treatments. At the end of composting, the composts contained fecal coliform of 3 MPN·g-1, pH of 8.3 to 8.4, and organic matter(dry base) ranging between 45.5% and 51.1%. All values satisfied the China National Standards for Organic Fertilizer. The ventilation rate of 60 L·min-1·m-3 for dead pig composting is recommended. |
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