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| Analysis and Application of Pollution Reduction Techniques for Scale Livestock and Poultry Farms in Shanghai |
| Received:March 26, 2014 |
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| KeyWord:livestock and poultry operations;pollution reduction;cropland application;industrial treatment;animal carrying capacity |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | WANG Zhen-qi | Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shanghai 200233, China | | QIAN Xiao-yong | Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shanghai 200233, China | | SHEN Gen-xiang | Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shanghai 200233, China |
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| Abstract: |
| Livestock and poultry farms have caused the water pollution around them. Here we proposed four techniques for pollution reduction, which included land application(with or without biogas production) and wastewater treatment(centralized or onsite treatment), based on distribution and pollution control status of livestock and poultry farms in Shanghai. The technological process and keys, and facility requirements for each technique were provided, and the preferred technique for specific district/county was suggested according to their cost-effectiveness and adaptability. In Chongming County, Songjiang District and Qingpu District, where animal carrying capacity was 4.7~9.0 heads·hm-2(pig equivalent), far below the average in Shanghai, direct land application of wastes, especially without biogas production, was preferable because of its relatively lower cost and management requirements. The economic returns of such land application were sufficient to support system operation. In Fengxian District, Baoshan District and Pudong New Area, wastewater treatment, especially onsite treatment, was more suitable because of higher animal densities and less farmland. However, due to the higher cost and management requirements, operation of an onsite wastewater treatment system was much more challenging financially and technically. Therefore, the districts with higher animal densities would be the targets of future structural readjustment of livestock and poultry farming. |
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