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| Soil Ecological Risk Assessment of Pesticides in Vegetable Fields |
| Received:March 11, 2014 |
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| KeyWord:ecological risk;evaluation algorithm;pesticide;earthworm;soil;GIS |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | DENG Xun-fei | Institute of Digital Agriculture, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China | | | ZHAN Yu | AGIS Lab, University of California, Davis 95616, USA | | | WANG Xiang-yun | Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China | | | LÜ Xiao-nan | Institute of Digital Agriculture, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China | luxngis@163.com |
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| Abstract: |
| Residues of pesticides are often detected in soil, surface water, and groundwater in intensive agricultural areas. Exposure to pesticides may have potential impacts on human health and ecosystem safety. To mitigate the negative impacts of pesticide residues, growers, policy makers, and researchers seek tools to quantitatively assess potential risks of pesticides. In this study, an assessment model for ecological risk of pesticides in soils was developed based on temperature, interception fraction of vegetables, and application rates and properties of active ingredients in interested pesticides. Geo-statistical analysis was then employed to determine the basic spatial units of ecological risk assessment for vegetable production. Finally quantitative risk assessment of pesticide uses in vegetable soils was conducted using a total of 130 pesticide use records for 2010 collected together with soil and climate parameters in vegetable fields of reclamation areas in Xiaoshan, Zhejiang Province. A total of 20 pesticides with predicted ecological risks was identified. Of which, carbendazim, used for asparagus crop in April, had the highest ecological risk, and its short-term and long-term risk values were up to 104.6 and 106.1, respectively. Imidacloprid, chlorpyrifos, acetamiprid, and azoxystrobin were the next, all showing high ecological risks in soil(risk values >85). Emamectin benzoate, iprodione, and fipronil did not show ecological risk(risk values <60). For each vegetable parcel with multi pesticides applied, an integrated ecological risk value(IERV) of different pesticides was also calculated, and a visualized map for spatial distribution of IERV for vegetable parcels was achieved. A case study of IERV in April showed that higher risks were present in several parcels planted with asparagus, while lower risks in radish fields. In summary, this approach would be useful for growers and pesticide control advisors in screening high risk areas and mitigating the impacts of pesticide application on soil. |
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