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| Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Rice Grains from A Mining-Impacted Area in South Hunan by in Vitro Simulation Method |
| Received:April 09, 2014 |
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| KeyWord:mining-impacted area;rice;in vitro simulated method;heavy metals;amount of bio-availability;health risk |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | LAN Di-zhong | College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agriculture University, Changsha 410128, China | | | LEI Ming | College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agriculture University, Changsha 410128, China | leiming8297@163.com | | ZHOU Shuang | College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agriculture University, Changsha 410128, China | | | LIAO Bo-han | College of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China | | | CUI Yan-shan | College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China | | | YIN Nai-yi | College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China | | | SHEN Yue | Agro- Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin 300191, China | |
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| Abstract: |
| Human health risk of heavy metals(Pb, Zn, Cu, Cd and As) in rice grains collected from a mining-impacted area and a non-contaminated area in South Hunan Province was assessed using in vitro simulation method in the present study. The contents of Pb,Zn,Cu,Cd and As in rice grains were respectively 2.03 mg ·kg-1, 30.08 mg·kg-1, 6.57 mg·kg-1, 2.34 mg·kg-1 and 3.8 mg·kg-1 from the mining-impacted area and 1.03 mg·kg-1, 8.65 mg·kg-1, 1.52 mg·kg-1, 0.15 mg· kg-1 and 0.30 mg·kg-1 from the non-contaminated area. The acceptable daily intakes(ADI) of Pb, Zn, Cu, Cd and As for an adult and a child through the consumption of the rice grains from the mining-impacted area were Pb789.23 μg·d-1 and 562.00 μg·d-1, Zn 11 701.12 μg·d-1 and 8 332.16 μg·d-1, Cu 2 555.73 μg·d-1 and 1 819.89 μg·d-1, Cd 910.26 μg·d-1 and 648.18 μg·d-1, and As 1 478.20 and 1 052.60 μg·d-1, much higher than those from non- contaminated area(Pb 400.67 μg·d-1 and 285.31 μg·d-1, Zn 3 364.57 μg·d-1 and 2 395.84 μg·d-1, Cu 591.18 μg·d-1 and 420.97 μg·d-1, Cd 58.51 μg· d-1 and 41.67 μg·d-1, and As 116.70 μg·d-1 and 83.10 μg·d-1), respectively. Both gastric phase and intestinal stage stimulation showed that average bio -availability of Pb, Zn, Cu, Cd and As in rice grains was much higher from the mining impacted area than from the non-contaminated area, with greater bioavailability at the simulated gastric phase than at simulated intestinal stage. The bioavailability of Cd at simulated gastric phase was 3.11 times(for an adult) and 4.42 times(for a child) as much as that of the biologically tolerable weekly intake. At the simulated intestinal stage, the bio-availability of Pb, Cd, and As in rice grains from the mining impacted area was lower than the tolerable weekly intake for adults, but exceeded that for children. These findings show that consuming rice grains from mining-impacted area would pose health risk to human beings, specially children. |
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