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| Form Distribution and Potential Ecological Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Understory Ginseng Soils |
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| KeyWord:understory ginseng; soil; heavy metals; form distribution; potential risk |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | SUN Hai | Institute of Special Wild Economic Animal and Plant Sciences , CAAS, Changchun 130112, China | | ZHANG Ya-yu | Institute of Special Wild Economic Animal and Plant Sciences , CAAS, Changchun 130112, China | | SUN Chang-wei | Institute of Special Wild Economic Animal and Plant Sciences , CAAS, Changchun 130112, China | | LI Teng-yi | Institute of Special Wild Economic Animal and Plant Sciences , CAAS, Changchun 130112, China | | XU Cheng-lu | Institute of Special Wild Economic Animal and Plant Sciences , CAAS, Changchun 130112, China | | YANG Zhen | Institute of Special Wild Economic Animal and Plant Sciences , CAAS, Changchun 130112, China |
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| Abstract: |
| Heavy metals in ginseng soils may impact the quality of ginseng. A modified Tessier′s sequential extraction procedure and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer（ICP-OES） were used to investigate the distribution of five forms（S1, S2, S3, S4, S5） of heavy metals（As, Cd, Cr, Cu, and Zn） in understory ginseng soils. Average concentrations of heavy metals in the soils were all lower than the Level I of the State Soil Environmental Quality Standards（SSEQS, pH<6.5） except Cd, whose average concentration（0.410 mg·kg-1） exceeded the Level II of SSEQS. Heavy metals were present mainly as residual forms, with small proportions as available forms. Forms of heavy metals were affected greatly by soil pH, organic matter and total heavy metal contents. The whole potential ecological risk index of heavy metals was 85.45, far less than the RI limit（150）. However, Cd was at the medium risk level. In conclusion, understory ginseng soils have not yet been contaminated by heavy metals, but Cd pollution needs attention. |
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