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| Effects of Modified Nanoparticle Carbon Black on Heavy Metal Forms in Municipal Solid Waste Compost |
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| KeyWord:municipal solid waste compost; modified nano-particle carbon black; heavy metals; heavy metal fractions |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | HE Lu | Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China | | DUO Li-an | Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China | | ZHAO Shu-lan | Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China |
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| Abstract: |
| Composting has been proved to be an effective way to reduce the amount of municipal solid wastes（MSW） and to recycle MSW. Composted MSW contains abundant nutrients such as organic matter, N, P and K. It is not only a fertilizer but also a soil conditioner. However, toxic metals in MSW composts have limited its agricultural use. Nanoparticle carbon black（nano-CB） has showed a potential to remediate soil heavy metal pollution. Nano-CB, a nonpolar and hydrophobic sorbent, needs to be modified to enhance its adsorption of heavy metals. In this study, nano-CB modified by KMnO4, H2SO4, HNO3, NaOH, Na2CO3 and NH3·H2O was added into MSW compost at a rate of 5% and the composts were then incubated for 45 d. Heavy metal forms in the MSW composts were extracted with the BCR sequential extraction procedures. The modified nano-CB significantly reduced exchangeable and carbonate fractions of heavy metals. Compared with the control, KMnO4 modified nano-CB decreased exchangeable and carbonate fractions of Cr and Pb by 71.13% and 73.48%, respectively. HNO3 modified nano-CB respectively reduced exchangeable and carbonate fractions of Cu and Zn by 67.67% and 74.33%. Nano-CB modified by three oxidizing agents lowered Fe-Mn oxide fractions but increased organic/sulphide fractions, while nano-CB modified with three alkali agents yielded contrary results. Adding modified nano-CB to composts enhances transformation of heavy metals from loosely- into tightly- absorbed forms and reduces heavy metal bioavailability. |
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