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| Nitrogen Transformation and Loss in Livestock and Poultry Manure Mixture During Rapid Composting Process |
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| KeyWord:livestock and poultry manure; composting; nitrogen transformation; fermentating agent |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | ZHANG Xue-chen | College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China | | WANG Xu-dong | College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China |
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| Hits: 1964 |
| Download times: 1946 |
| Abstract: |
| Nitrogen losses in organic wastes during composting greatly reduce the efficiency of compost fertilizers. A 30 days composting experiment was conducted to study nitrogen transformation and loss during rapid composting processes with or without adding a bio-fermenting agent using chicken manure, pig manure, fungus chaff, and biogas residue as mixed media. Addition of bio-fermenting agent raised temperature, extended the period of high-temperature, promoted the decomposition of organic carbon and reduced the C/N rates. Transformation of organic nitrogen to ammonium（NH+4-N）（ammonification process） was stimulated at the early stage（first 9 days）, and nitrification process（NH+4-N to NO-3-N） was also facilitated at the late stage（9 days later）. Adding fermenting agent could shorten the compost maturity by about 9 days compared with no fermenting agent. The hydrolysis of the proteins was promoted by fermenting agent, resulting in an increase in acid hydrolysis nitrogen（THN） during the early composting stage. Furthermore, amino acid nitrogen（AAN） and amide nitrogen（AN） from THN were raised. Application of fermenting agent enhanced transformation of organic nitrogen to more available forms, but it did not cause nitrogen loss obviously in the whole process. |
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