土壤有机碳组分化学测定方法及碳指数研究进展

张方方; 岳善超; 李世清

文章摘要

张方方,岳善超,李世清.土壤有机碳组分化学测定方法及碳指数研究进展[J].农业环境科学学报,2021,40(2):252-259.

土壤有机碳组分化学测定方法及碳指数研究进展

Chemical methods to determine soil organic carbon fractions and carbon indexes: A review

投稿时间：2020-07-29

DOI：10.11654/jaes.2020-0886

中文关键词: 活性有机碳组分惰性有机碳组分碳库管理指数固碳指数土壤质量

英文关键词: labile organic carbon fraction recalcitrant organic carbon fraction carbon management index recalcitrant index soil quality

基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2017YFD0201807）

作者	单位	E-mail
张方方	西北农林科技大学资源环境学院, 陕西杨凌 712100 西北农林科技大学黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室, 陕西杨凌 712100
岳善超	西北农林科技大学资源环境学院, 陕西杨凌 712100 西北农林科技大学黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室, 陕西杨凌 712100	yueshanchao@nwafu.edu.cn
李世清	西北农林科技大学资源环境学院, 陕西杨凌 712100 西北农林科技大学黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室, 陕西杨凌 712100	sqli@ms.iswc.ac.cn

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中文摘要:

为探究土壤有机碳组分化学测定方法的优缺点和适宜使用范围，基于前人研究，对近年来使用较多的KMnO₄氧化法、改进的Walkley-Black氧化法、酸水解法测定土壤有机碳组分的原理、特点和适用范围进行了全面综述，重点阐述了3种方法测定有机碳组分的优缺点，探讨了有机碳组分测定方法发展对碳库管理指数（CMI）计算方法的完善，以及不同测定方法分类的有机碳活性组分和惰性组分在固碳指数（RI）计算上的差异。利用文献计量分析方法，比较了3种方法在近19年（2001—2019年）的引用量，以及近10年（2010—2019年）利用这3种方法进行CMI和固碳研究的引用趋势。在比较3种方法优缺点和引用趋势的基础上，得出如下结论：KMnO₄氧化法适合用于土壤活性有机碳测定和CMI的计算，且使用20 mmol·L^-1 KMnO₄能够有效规避该方法的多数缺点；改进的Walkley-Black氧化法适合用于土壤固碳研究和CMI的加权计算；酸水解法适合于以探究生化稳定性为目标的有机碳活性组分和稳定组分测定。最后，展望了未来在有机碳组分测定方法的发展方向、提高土壤固碳潜力和建立碳库评估新模型上需要深入研究的重点问题，旨在为揭示土壤质量动态变化提供科学参考。

英文摘要:

There are many methods by which to determine the fractions of soil organic carbon, each with specific advantages, disadvantages, and scopes for application. Previous studies were used to comprehensively review the principles, characteristics, and scopes of applying the potassium permanganate, modified Walkley-Black, and acid hydrolysis methods for determining soil organic carbon fractions; these have been used widely in recent years. The advantages and disadvantages of the three methods were emphasized. Improvements in the methods to calculate the carbon management index(CMI)with the development of the organic carbon fraction determination method was described, and the difference in calculating the recalcitrant index(RI) of the recalcitrant soil organic carbon fraction classified by different determination methods was discussed. The citations of the three methods in the recent 19 years(2001-2019)and the citation trend over the recent decade(2010-2019) in CMI and carbon sequestration studies were compared using bibliometric analysis. Given the disadvantages of the three methods and the citation trend in the recent years, the following conclusions can be drawn. First, the potassium permanganate method is suitable for determining the labile soil organic carbon fraction and calculating CMI, and the use of 20 mmol·L^-1 potassium permanganate can effectively prevent most of the disadvantages. Second, the modified Walkley-Black method can be used in soil carbon sequestration research and to make weighted calculations of CMI. Third, the acid hydrolysis method can determine the labile and recalcitrant fractions of soil organic carbon when biochemical activity needs to be considered. Finally, the key issues that need further studied in the future includ the direction of methods to determine organic carbon fractions, improving the carbon sequestration potential of soil, and establishing a new carbon pool assessment model. These are needed to provide scientific references to reveal the dynamics in soil quality changes.

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