| 李磊,李晓慧,剡龙强,朱志明,樊丽琴,纪立东.玉米秸秆还田对盐碱地土壤碳平衡和真菌群落多样性的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2023,42(11):2507-2518. |
| 玉米秸秆还田对盐碱地土壤碳平衡和真菌群落多样性的影响 |
| Analysis of soil carbon balance and fungal community diversity in saline-alkali soil under chopped straw returning |
| 投稿时间：2023-02-18 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2023-0114 |
| 中文关键词: 粉碎秸秆 碳平衡 净生态系统生产力 CO2排放通量 真菌 多样性 |
| 英文关键词: chopped straw carbon balance net ecosystem productivity CO2 emission fungal diversity |
| 基金项目:宁夏自然科学基金项目(2021AAC03272)；宁夏回族自治区农业高质量发展和生态保护科技创新示范项目(NGSB-2021-11-07) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探明粉碎秸秆还田量对宁夏银川北部地区土壤碳平衡及真菌群落多样性的影响,实现农业废弃物资源化利用、固碳减排、盐碱地改良的目标。研究建立2020-2022年短期粉碎秸秆还田试验,依据秸秆原位消纳原则,设置全量还田(CS9000)、2/3全量还田(CS6000)、1/3全量还田(CS3000)、未还田(CS0)4个处理,分析还田2年后不同还田量对土壤碳排放、水热盐碱因子变化及真菌微生物群落多样性影响。结果表明:相比CS0处理,粉碎秸秆还田后土壤全盐降低7.94%~19.57%,地温提高0.11~0.58℃,其中,CS9000处理抑盐增温效果明显,同时,该处理显著增加碳排放量与微生物异养呼吸碳,而CS6000处理相比其他处理显著增加净初级生产力固碳量,净生态系统生产力固碳量也分别比CS9000、CS3000、CS0处理显著增加27.11%、29.41%、35.22%。通过计算碳收支平衡得出CS6000、CS3000处理下农田生态系统是大气CO2的"汇",其中,CS6000处理对碳平衡提升效果最好,有助于增加土壤碳汇。另外,粉碎秸秆还田后土壤真菌多样性变化较大,CS6000处理相比CS0处理显著提高Schao1、Hshannon指数,且该处理可明显增加子囊菌门(Ascomycota)、粪壳菌纲(Sordariomycetes)、被孢霉属(Mortierella)、镰刀菌属(Fusarium)优势群落相对丰度。从固碳减排、微生物多样性的角度考虑,粉碎秸秆还田量为6 000 kg·hm-2为该地区最佳还田量。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| This study aimed to explore the effect of crushed straw returning on soil carbon balance and fungal community diversity in northern Yinchuan, Ningxia, and to achieve the goal of resource utilization of agricultural waste, carbon sequestration, emission reduction, and saline-alkali land improvement. Here, a short-term chopped straw returning experiment was established between 2020 and 2022. According to the principle of in situ absorption of straw, four treatments of total return (CS9000), 2/3 of total return (CS6000), 1/3 of total return (CS3000), and non-return (CS0) were used to analyze the effects of different returning amounts on soil carbon emission, water, heat, salt and alkali factors, and fungal microbial community diversity. The results revealed that compared with CS0 treatment, the total salt of soil decreased by 7.94%-19.57% and the ground temperature increased by 0.11-0.58℃ after large amount of straw returning. Among them, the effect of salt inhibition and warming was evident under CS9000 treatment, and the treatment significantly increased carbon emissions and microbial heterotrophic respiration carbon. Compared with other treatments, CS6000 treatment significantly increased net primary productivity carbon sequestration, and net ecosystem productivity carbon sequestration also significantly increased by 27.11%, 29.41%, and 35.22%, respectively, compared with CS9000, CS3000, and CS0. The carbon balance shows that the farmland under CS6000 and CS3000 treatments was the "sink" of atmospheric CO2 in the ecosystem. Among them, the CS6000 treatment exhibited the best effect on carbon balance, which was helpful in increasing soil carbon sink. In addition, the diversity of soil fungi changed greatly after large amount of straw returning. Compared with the CS0 treatment, the CS6000 treatment significantly increased the Schao1 and Hshannon indices, and this treatment exhibited a significant effect on the dominant communities of Ascomycota, Sordariomycetes, Mortierella, and Fusarium. From the perspective of carbon sequestration, emission reduction, and microbial diversity, a chopped straw returning amount of 6 000 kg·hm-2 was optimal in this area. |
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