| 阮彦楠,吕本春,杨伟,王应学,陈检锋,尹梅,陈华,王伟,梁志妹,王志远,付利波.光叶苕子配施不同钝化剂对娃娃菜生长及Cd富集的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2023,42(7):1465-1476. |
| 光叶苕子配施不同钝化剂对娃娃菜生长及Cd富集的影响 |
| Effects of smooth vetch combined with different immobilization amendments on baby cabbage growth and Cd accumulation |
| 投稿时间：2023-01-05 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2023-0010 |
| 中文关键词: 光叶苕子 钝化剂 镉 污染土壤 娃娃菜 生长 转运 |
| 英文关键词: smooth vetch immobilization amendment cadmium contaminated soil baby cabbage growth transshipment |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2021YFD1700205）；国家绿肥产业技术体系昆明综合试验站项目（CARS-22-Z-14）；昆明市农业农村局基金项目“种植制度优化与生物综合调控技术模式攻关研究” |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 阮彦楠 | 云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所, 昆明 650205
昆明学院, 昆明 650214 | | | 吕本春 | 云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所, 昆明 650205
云南农业大学资源与环境学院, 昆明 650201 | | | 杨伟 | 昆明市农产品质量安全中心, 昆明 650118 | | | 王应学 | 云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所, 昆明 650205 | | | 陈检锋 | 云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所, 昆明 650205 | | | 尹梅 | 云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所, 昆明 650205 | | | 陈华 | 云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所, 昆明 650205 | | | 王伟 | 云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所, 昆明 650205 | | | 梁志妹 | 昆明市农业科学研究院, 昆明 650118 | | | 王志远 | 云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所, 昆明 650205 | wzyaas@hotmail.com | | 付利波 | 云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所, 昆明 650205 | 1198276883@qq.com |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为通过豆科绿肥光叶苕子的合理利用来有效降低土壤重金属有效性及主作物重金属含量，本研究采用盆栽试验研究豆科绿肥光叶苕子配施不同钝化剂（生物炭、硅肥、钙镁磷肥）对娃娃菜产量、根系形态、光合作用及其Cd转运效应等的影响。结果表明，单施光叶苕子可增加娃娃菜产量和根冠比，显著增加了根表面积、根体积、气孔导度、蒸腾速率和叶绿素，显著降低土壤有效Cd含量（23.20%，P<0.05），显著降低娃娃菜地上和地下Cd含量，分别降低了22.34%和15.83%。光叶苕子配施不同钝化剂显著增加地上部分生物量，且生物炭处理主要提高地上部生物量，增产效果好，而硅肥主要增加地下部分生物量；其次，光叶苕子配施钝化剂降低根表面积、根尖数、蒸腾速率、胞间CO2和叶绿素含量；与单施光叶苕子相比，光叶苕子配施硅肥可增加土壤有效Cd含量（18.34%，P<0.05)和娃娃菜地下部分Cd含量（26.71%，P<0.05），但对地上部分Cd无显著影响；光叶苕子配施钙镁磷肥对土壤有效Cd和娃娃菜地下部分Cd含量无显著影响，但可增加地上部分Cd含量（31.22%，P<0.05）。在所有处理中，光叶苕子配施生物炭对土壤Cd钝化效果、娃娃菜地上和地下Cd含量降低效果最佳，分别为43.93%、14.57%和25.37%，因此推荐豆科绿肥光叶苕子与生物炭合理配施来降低Cd污染地区Cd活性和缓解Cd对娃娃菜的毒性。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The concentrations of heavy metals in soil and the heavy metal content in staple crops can be effectively reduced by rational utilization of leguminous green manure smooth vetch. In this study, a pot experiment was conducted to study the effects of leguminous green manure smooth vetch with different immobilization amendments（biochar, silicon fertilizer, and calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer） on the yield, root morphology, photosynthesis, and cadmium transport of baby cabbage. Single application of smooth vetch increased the yield and root-shoot ratio of baby cabbage, significantly increased the root surface area, root volume, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, and chlorophyll content, significantly reduced the soil available Cd content（23.20 %, P<0.05）, and significantly reduced the Cd content in the aboveground and underground parts of baby cabbage by 22.34% and 15.83%, respectively. Smooth vetch application with different immobilization amendments, particularly biochar, significantly increased the aboveground biomass and had good yield-increasing effect, while the silicon fertilizer mainly increased the underground biomass. Smooth vetch application with immobilization amendments reduced root surface area, root tip number, transpiration rate, intercellular CO2 content and chlorophyll content. Compared with the single application of smooth vetch, the application of smooth vetch combined with silicon fertilizer increased the available Cd content in soil （18.34%, P<0.05 ) and the Cd content in the underground part of baby cabbage（26.71%, P<0.05）, but had no significant effect on the Cd content in the aboveground part ; application of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer combined with vetch had no significant effect on soil available Cd and Cd content in underground part of baby cabbage, but increased Cd content in aboveground part（31.22%, P<0.05）. Across all treatments, the combination of smooth vetch and biochar had the best effect on the passivation of soil Cd and the reduction of Cd content in the aboveground and underground parts of baby cabbage compared with the control, which were 43.93%, 14.57% and 25.37%, respectively. Therefore, it is recommended that leguminous green manure smooth vetch and biochar should be reasonably applied to reduce Cd activity and alleviate Cd toxicity to baby cabbage in Cd-contaminated areas. |
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