| 苏熠,程诚,王琪,刘园园,徐彦森,冯兆忠.臭氧污染和EDU喷施对小麦叶际细菌群落的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2023,42(5):984-993. |
| 臭氧污染和EDU喷施对小麦叶际细菌群落的影响 |
| Effects of ozone pollution and EDU spraying on the phyllospheric bacterial community of wheat plants |
| 投稿时间：2022-08-04 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2022-0792 |
| 中文关键词: 臭氧 亚乙基二脲 小麦 叶际细菌 群落结构 生物多样性 |
| 英文关键词: ozone ethylenediurea wheat phyllospheric bacteria community structure biodiversity |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金重点项目（42130714）；南京信息工程大学人才启动经费（003342）；南京信息工程大学2021年校级大创项目“互联网+”大赛、“挑战杯”系列竞赛专项（XJDCZX202110300053） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为研究O3浓度升高和亚乙基二脲（EDU）喷施对小麦叶际微生物群落的影响，本研究以农麦88为供试植物，于2021年3月1日至5月13日，利用完全开放式熏蒸系统（Free-Air Concentration Enrichment，FACE），对其进行环境O3浓度（A处理）和1.5倍环境O3浓度（E处理）的熏蒸，同时设置叶面喷施6次450 mg·L-1 EDU或等量清水的处理，研究O3浓度升高、叶面喷施EDU及其相互作用条件下小麦叶际细菌群落alpha多样性与结构的变化。结果表明： E处理使农麦88株高降低了9.4%（P<0.05），而E处理下叶面喷施EDU使小麦株高增加11.0%。E处理、EDU处理及其交互作用对小麦叶际细菌群落alpha多样性没有显著影响。非度量多维尺度（NMDS）和主坐标分析（PCoA）的结果均表明，E处理、EDU处理显著影响了叶际细菌群落结构；叶际优势菌门按相对丰度由高到低分别为Proteobacteria（相对丰度84.7%~94.8%，其中Gammaproteobacteria占比75.2%~94.3%）、Bacteroidetes（1.3%~13.1%）和Firmicutes （1.6%~5.4%）； E处理条件下EDU显著降低了Gammaproteobacteria的相对丰度，同时提高了Bacteroidetes的相对丰度。另外，优势菌属的相对丰度也发生了显著变化，较之于A处理，E处理使Pseudomonas和Serratia属的相对丰度分别显著下降了50.6%~57.2%和41.4%~65.5%（P<0.05）；在E处理下EDU使Erwinia的相对丰度显著下降了73.0%。结果表明，O3浓度升高和EDU喷施虽然对小麦叶际细菌群落alpha多样性没有显著影响，但改变了群落结构； EDU可能通过提高环境适应性强的菌群丰度来提高小麦对O3胁迫的耐受性。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to study the effects of elevated O3, ethylenediurea(EDU), and their interactions with the phyllospheric microbial community, Triticum aestivum L. Nongmai88 was grown in the China O3 Free-Air Concentration Enrichment(O3-FACE) platform under either ambient atmospheric O3 concentration(A) or 1.5 times ambient atmospheric O3(E), and the foliage was sprayed with 450 mg·L-1 EDU or water every ten days from March 1st to May 13th. Compared with A treatment, plant height decreased by 9.4% under E treatment, while plant height increased by 11.0% when EDU was sprayed on leaves under E treatment. Based on alpha diversity analysis of the phyllospheric bacterial community, elevated O3, EDU, and their interactions had no significant effect on alpha diversity indices. Both NMDA and PCoA results indicated that the structure of the phyllospheric bacterial community was significantly affected by elevated O 3 and EDU, respectively. At the phylum level, the dominant phyllospheric bacteria included Proteobacteria(84.7%-94.8%) (with Gammaproteobacteria accounting for 75.2%-94.3%), Bacteroidetes(1.3%-13.1%), and Firmicutes(1.6%-5.4%). Under E treatment, EDU significantly reduced the relative abundance of Gammaproteobacteria and increased the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes compared with the control group(water treatment). In addition, the relative abundance of the abundant genera also changed significantly. Compared with A treatment, E significantly decreased the relative abundance of Pseudomonas and Serratia by 50.6%-57.2% and 41.4%-65.5%, respectively. Under E treatment, EDU reduced the relative abundance of Erwinia by 73.0% compared with the control group. In conclusion, both elevated O3 and EDU change the phyllospheric bacterial community structure of wheat plants, although they have no effect on alpha-diversity. EDU may improve the tolerance of wheat to O3 stress by increasing the abundance of environmentally adaptable microbiota. |
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