| 陈斯,吴凤平,王辉,欧阳赞.生物炭对黏质砂红壤沼液入渗减渗效果的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2023,42(3):578-588. |
| 生物炭对黏质砂红壤沼液入渗减渗效果的影响 |
| Influence of biochar on biogas infiltration and infiltration reduction effect of clayey and sandy red soil |
| 投稿时间：2022-09-05 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2022-0888 |
| 中文关键词: 水分入渗|生物炭|沼液|减渗|入渗模型 |
| 英文关键词: water infiltration|biochar|biogas|infiltration reduction|infiltration model |
| 基金项目:湖南省高新技术产业科技创新引领计划（科技攻关类）（2020NK2003）；湖南省水利科技项目重大项目（XSKJ2021000-02）；湖南省研究 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为减缓黏质砂红壤沼液水分下渗，本研究以生物炭不同混掺量和不同混掺厚度为影响因子进行室内土柱模拟试验，设置3种生物炭混掺量（1%、3%和5%）和4种混掺厚度（5、10、15 cm和20 cm），同时设置不混掺生物炭为对照处理（CK），以探究生物炭对黏质砂红壤沼液入渗减渗效果的影响，并优选出适宜的土壤水分入渗模型。结果表明：生物炭减小了沼液灌溉下红壤的湿润峰运移速率和累积入渗量，对红壤入渗表征为减渗效果。对于不同混掺量，红壤湿润锋运移速率和累积入渗量随着生物炭混掺量的增加而减小，其中5%混掺量处理为最小值。对于不同混掺厚度，1%和3%混掺量时，红壤湿润锋运移速率和累积入渗量随着混掺厚度的增加呈先减后增的趋势，其中10 cm混掺厚度处理为最小值，较CK处理平均分别减小21.62%和26.89%；5%混掺量处理下，红壤湿润锋运移距离和累积入渗量随着混掺厚度的增加呈递减趋势，其中20 cm混掺厚度处理为最小值，较CK处理分别减小35.58%和45.49%。采用Philip、Kostiakov、Horton模型对红壤水分入渗过程进行模拟，通过比较模型参数、RMSE和R2发现，Kostiakov模型拟合效果优于其他模型。研究表明，生物炭可抑制红壤水分入渗能力，减缓沼液水分入渗进程，达到减渗效果，进而降低了沼液下渗过快而引起地下水污染的风险。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Regulating the biogas infiltration process in red soil mixed with biochar can provide a scientific basis for slowing down water infiltration in clayey and sandy red soil. In this study, we conducted soil column experiments with different mixing amounts and thicknesses of biochar. We set three mixing amounts（1%, 3%, and 5%）and four mixing thicknesses（5, 10, 15 cm, and 20 cm）of biochar to study the effect of biochar on biogas infiltration and infiltration reduction in clayey and sandy red soil and to select a suitable soil infiltration model for biochar mixing with biogas. In addition, the soil without biochar was set as the control treatment（CK）. The results showed that biochar reduced the transport rate of the red soil wetting peak, reduced the accumulated infiltration, and characterized the infiltration effect on red soil as a reduction of infiltration. For different mixing amounts, the transport rate and cumulative infiltration of red soil wetting fronts decreased with the increase of biochar mixing amount. They reached the minimum value with a 5% mixing amount. For different mixing thicknesses, the transport rate and cumulative infiltration of wetting fronts showed a trend of decreasing first and then increasing with the increase of mixing thickness at 1% and 3% mixing amounts, reaching the minimum value at 10 cm mixing thickness, decreasing by 21.62% and 26.89%, respectively, compared with the CK treatment. Under the 5% mixing treatment, the transport distance and cumulative infiltration of wetting fronts in red soil tended to decrease with increasing mixing thickness and reached the minimum value at 20 cm mixing thickness, decreasing to 35.58% and 45.49%, respectively, compared with the CK treatment. The Philip, Kostiakov, and Horton models were used to simulate the water infiltration process in red soil. The Kostiakov model was better than the other models by comparing model parameters，RMSE and R2. The study showed that biochar inhibited the water infiltration capacity of red soil, slowed down the process of methane water infiltration, and reduced the risk of groundwater pollution. |
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