| 瞿梦洁,韩玉成,万智鹏,谭艳,安珈奇,梅运军,刘广龙.稻虾共作水域沉积物有机磷农药残留特征及其对磷循环驱动机制[J].农业环境科学学报,2023,42(2):434-442. |
| 稻虾共作水域沉积物有机磷农药残留特征及其对磷循环驱动机制 |
| Residual characteristics of organophosphorus pesticides in sediments of rice-crayfish water and mechanisms driving phosphorus cycling |
| 投稿时间：2022-06-17 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2022-0607 |
| 中文关键词: 稻虾共作水域 有机磷农药 磷循环 微生物 功能基因 |
| 英文关键词: rice-crayfish water organophosphorus pesticide phosphorus cycle microorganism functional gene |
| 基金项目:湖北省教育厅科学研究计划项目（Q20211601） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探明稻虾共作水域有机磷农药对磷循环的驱动机制，本试验采用野外采样与室内分析相结合的方式，测定沉积物中有机磷农药含量、微生物群落结构和磷循环功能基因丰度，并利用冗余分析（RDA）和Spearman相关性检验分析有机磷农药与磷循环功能基因的关系。结果表明：沉积物中乐果检出率最高，达到97.22%，其次为敌敌畏达到22.22%，甲基对硫磷为2.78%，马拉硫磷和毒死蜱均未检出。在枯水期和丰水期，沉积物中乐果含量分别达到1.42 mg · kg-1和0.46 mg ·kg-1，敌敌畏含量分别达到1.37 mg·kg-1和0.05 mg·kg-1；在所有沉积物中，最主要的磷循环过程为ppx基因参与Proteobacteria和Omnitrophicaeota作用下的多聚磷酸盐水解，phoD基因参与有机磷矿化，phnK基因参与Gemmatimonadetes作用下的磷酸盐利用；有机磷农药并未影响最主要的磷循环过程，但是乐果含量增加极显著增加了cphy基因（半胱氨酸植酸酶）的数量（P<0.01），敌敌畏含量增加显著降低了pqqC基因（吡咯啉-醌合成酶）和bpp基因（β-螺旋桨植酸酶）的数量（P<0.05）。研究表明，在稻虾共作水域沉积物中，有机磷农药乐果和敌敌畏主要通过改变无机磷增溶作用和植酸盐矿化作用来影响磷循环进程。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To investigate the mechanisms through which organophosphorus pesticides drive the phosphorus cycle in rice-crayfish water, we used a combination of field sampling and indoor analysis to determine the organophosphorus pesticide contents, microbial community structure, and phosphorus cycle functional gene abundance in sediments, and we analyzed the relationship between organophosphorus pesticides and functional phosphorus-cycle genes using redundancy analysis(RDA) and Spearman correlation test,and that the highest detection rates were 97.22% for dimethoate, 22.22% for dichlorvos, 2.78% for parathion-methyl; we did not detect malathion or chlorpyrifos was not detected in the sediment. During the dry and wet periods, the sediment concentrations reached 1.42 mg·kg-1 and 0.46 mg·kg-1 for dimethoate and 1.37 mg·kg-1 and 0.05 mg·kg-1 for dichlorvos, respectively. In all sediments, the most important phosphorus cycling processes were as follows:the ppx gene was involved in the hydrolysis of polyphosphate by Proteobacteria and Omnitrophicaeota, the phoD gene was involved in organophosphorus mineralization, and the phnK gene was involved in phosphate use by Gemmatimonadetes. Organophosphorus pesticides did not affect the most important phosphorus cycling processes, but an increase in the concentration of dimethoate significantly increased the expression of cphy(cysteine phosphatase phytase) genes(P<0.01). An increase in the concentration of dichlorvos significantly decreased the expressions of pqqC(pyrroloquinoline-quinone synthase) and bpp(β-propeller phytase-propeller phytase) genes(P<0.05). Therefore, in the sediments of rice-crayfish water, organophosphorus pesticides dimethoate and dichlorvos affected the phosphorus cycling process mainly by altering inorganic phosphorus solubilization and phytate mineralization. |
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