| 李琦聪,张思宇,贾梦圆,李刚,修伟明,杨殿林,赵建宁.冬小麦休耕对土壤动物群落及其摄食活性的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2023,42(1):121-131. |
| 冬小麦休耕对土壤动物群落及其摄食活性的影响 |
| Effects of fallow winter wheat on soil fauna community and feeding activity |
| 投稿时间：2022-03-10 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2022-0229 |
| 中文关键词: 农田土壤 微节肢动物 休耕 摄食活性 温度 湿度 小麦 |
| 英文关键词: farmland soil microarthropods fallow feeding activity temperature humidity wheat |
| 基金项目:中国农业科学院科技创新工程项目；农业农村部环境保护科研监测所基础前沿项目（2021-jcqyrw-xwm） |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 李琦聪 | 东北农业大学资源与环境学院, 哈尔滨 150030
农业农村部环境保护科研监测所, 农业农村部产地环境污染防控重点实验室/天津市农业环境与农产品安全重点实验室, 天津 300191) | | | 张思宇 | 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所, 农业农村部产地环境污染防控重点实验室/天津市农业环境与农产品安全重点实验室, 天津 300191) | | | 贾梦圆 | 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所, 农业农村部产地环境污染防控重点实验室/天津市农业环境与农产品安全重点实验室, 天津 300191) | | | 李刚 | 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所, 农业农村部产地环境污染防控重点实验室/天津市农业环境与农产品安全重点实验室, 天津 300191) | | | 修伟明 | 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所, 农业农村部产地环境污染防控重点实验室/天津市农业环境与农产品安全重点实验室, 天津 300191) | | | 杨殿林 | 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所, 农业农村部产地环境污染防控重点实验室/天津市农业环境与农产品安全重点实验室, 天津 300191) | | | 赵建宁 | 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所, 农业农村部产地环境污染防控重点实验室/天津市农业环境与农产品安全重点实验室, 天津 300191) | zhaojn2008@163.com |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为明确农田土壤动物对不同耕作制度的响应，本研究以华北小麦田土壤微节肢动物为研究对象，探究休耕对土壤微节肢动物群落及其摄食活性的影响。试验设置不播种作物的样方作为休耕处理，正常播种作为不休耕处理，分析处理间和不同土层的土壤温湿度时空差异，并利用诱饵薄条法（Bait-Lamina Test，BLT）原位解析土壤动物的摄食活性。结果表明：休耕与不休耕处理中的土壤微节肢动物均以真螨目为优势类群，其占总丰度的89%，并且具有明显的表聚效应。此外，休耕对不同土层深度土壤微节肢动物群落的影响不一致，0~5 cm土层、不休耕处理中的土壤微节肢动物丰度显著增加，约为休耕处理的4.4倍；5~10 cm土层、不休耕处理的微节肢动物数量相较于休耕处理增长了约46%。相关性分析显示，土壤微节肢动物摄食活性与土壤温湿度和不同种植模式均存在显著正相关关系。从小麦的拔节期到成熟期，休耕处理中土壤微节肢动物的摄食活性均显著高于不休耕处理，且在土壤湿度最高的抽穗期达到最大。研究表明，休耕显著降低了0~10 cm深度土壤微节肢动物的数量和多样性，但提高了其摄食活性，土壤微节肢动物群落的摄食活性主要受土壤湿度的影响。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To clarify the response of farmland soil fauna to different tillage regimes, this study took soil microarthropods in North China wheat fields as the research object to explore the effects of fallow on soil microarthropod communities and their feeding activities. In the experiment, the plots without sowing crops were set as the fallow treatment, and normal sowing was regarded as the non-fallow treatment. The spatial and temporal differences in soil temperature and humidity between treatments and different soil layers were analyzed, and the feeding activities of soil fauna were analyzed in situ using the Bait-Lamina test（BLT）. The results showed that soil microarthropods in the fallow and non-fallow treatments were dominated by Acariformes, accounting for 89% of the total abundance, and had obvious surface aggregation effects. In addition, fallow had inconsistent effects on the soil microarthropod communities at different soil depths. In the 0-5 cm soil layer, the abundance of soil microarthropods in the non-fallow treatment increased significantly to approximately 4.4 times that of the fallow treatment. In the 5-10 cm soil layer, the number of microarthropods in the non-fallow treatment increased by approximately 46% compared to the fallow treatment. Correlation analysis showed significant positive correlation between soil microarthropod feeding activity and soil temperature, humidity and different planting patterns. From the jointing stage to the maturity stage of wheat, the feeding activity of soil microarthropods in the fallow treatment was significantly higher than that in the non-fallow treatment, and reached maximum at the heading stage with the highest soil humidity. This study showed that fallow significantly reduced the number and diversity of soil microarthropods at 0-10 cm depth but increased their feeding activity. The feeding activity of soil microarthropod communities was mainly affected by soil humidity. |
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