| 姜佰文,刘丽红,刘俊辉,于士源,梁源,申海峰,邵慧.液体牛粪与化肥配施对东北春玉米农田土壤磷素平衡的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2022,41(10):2232-2240. |
| 液体牛粪与化肥配施对东北春玉米农田土壤磷素平衡的影响 |
| Effects of dairy cattle slurry and chemical fertilizer on the soil phosphorus balance of spring maize fields in northeast China |
| 投稿时间：2022-04-21 修订日期：2022-07-13 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2022-0404 |
| 中文关键词: 液体牛粪 土壤磷盈亏 Olsen-P CaCl2-P 玉米 |
| 英文关键词: dairy cattle slurry soil phosphorus deficit Olsen-P CaCl2-P maize |
| 基金项目:黑土地保护与利用科技创新工程专项(XDA28100200) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探究液体牛粪与化肥配施对玉米产量、植株养分吸收及土壤磷素淋洗与磷素盈亏的影响，田间条件下共设置6个处理，按照N 200 kg·hm-2、P2O5 100 kg·hm-2、K2O 80 kg·hm-2为总养分投入量进行施肥，包括不施肥（CK）、农户常规施化肥（F）、化肥与液体牛粪配施，并设置不同牛粪用量，分别为30、60、90、120 t·hm-（ 2 FL30、FL60、FL90、FL120）。结果表明：与F处理相比，FL120处理玉米产量最高，达到14.72 t·hm-2，增产幅度达32.14%，此处理下耕层土壤磷素积累量最高，达到129.40 kg·hm-2，表明高比例施用液体牛粪能够提高作物产量和耕层土壤有效磷含量。FL60处理玉米磷含量和磷积累量最高，表明液体牛粪与化肥配施能够促进作物对磷素的吸收，提高养分利用效率；根据土壤Olsen-P和CaCl2-P的关系发现，土壤磷素淋洗临界值为48.99 mg·kg-1，FL90和FL120处理土壤Olsen-P含量均超过了磷素淋洗临界值，表明大量施用液体牛粪会加剧磷素的淋洗，造成磷素损失以及潜在的环境危害。因此，液体牛粪配施化肥模式下，液体牛粪的推荐施用量应控制在90 t·hm-2以内为宜。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To investigate the effects of dairy cattle slurry combined with chemical fertilizer on maize yield, plant nutrient uptake, soil phosphorus leaching, and phosphorus loss, six treatments were set up under the following field conditions： N 200 kg·hm-2, P2O5 100 kg· hm-2, and K2O 80 kg·hm-2 were the total nutrient input, including no fertilizer（CK） , conventional fertilizer application（F） , and combined fertilizer and dairy cattle slurry applications of 30, 60, 90 t·hm-2, and 120 t·hm-（ 2 hereinafter abbreviated as FL30, FL60, FL90, FL120） , according to the different amounts of cattle slurry. Results showed that compared with F treatment, the maize yield under the FL120 treatment was the highest, reaching 14.72 t · hm-2, with an increase of 32.14%. The soil phosphorus accumulation under the FL120 treatment was the highest, reaching 129.40 kg·hm-2, indicating that a high proportion of dairy cattle slurry application could improve crop yield and soil available phosphorus content. The phosphorus content and phosphorus accumulation of corn treated with FL60 were the highest, indicating that the combination of dairy cattle slurry and chemical fertilizer could promote the absorption of phosphorus and improve the nutrient utilization efficiency of crops. According to the relationship between soil Olsen-P and CaCl2-P, the critical value of soil phosphorus leaching was 48.99 mg · kg-1, and the content of Olsen-P in the FL90 and FL120 soil exceeded the critical value of phosphorus leaching, indicating that a large amount of dairy cattle slurry would aggravate phosphorus leaching; this would result in phosphorus loss and potential environmental harm. Therefore, when combining dairy cattle slurry with chemical fertilizer, the recommended amount of cattle slurry should be controlled within 90 t·hm-2. |
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