| 姚丽华,查建军,李亚丽,潘小翠,于红梅,束良佐.不同pH条件下锑对水稻幼苗的毒害效应[J].农业环境科学学报,2022,41(10):2111-2119. |
| 不同pH条件下锑对水稻幼苗的毒害效应 |
| Toxic effects of antimony on rice seedlings under different pH conditions |
| 投稿时间：2022-04-16 修订日期：2022-07-01 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2022-0372 |
| 中文关键词: 锑胁迫 pH值 水稻幼苗 叶绿素荧光 抗氧化酶 |
| 英文关键词: antimony stress pH rice seedling chlorophyll fluorescence antioxidant enzyme |
| 基金项目:台州学院高层次人才科研启动费(T20220101059);国家自然科学基金项目(31572202) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探究pH对锑胁迫下水稻生长的影响，本研究通过水培试验，研究了不同pH条件下水稻中锑的吸收量以及锑对水稻的生长、叶绿素荧光特性、光响应曲线参数和抗氧化酶活性的影响。结果表明，锑胁迫抑制了水稻的生长以及地上部和根部生物量的积累，其中株高较无锑处理减少了4.30%~11.72%；叶片PSⅡ最大光化学量子产量（Fv/Fm）、实际光化学效率Y （Ⅱ）、光合电子传递效率（ETR）、光化学猝灭系数（qP）以及荧光快速光响应曲线参数曲线的初始斜率（α）、最大相对电子传递速率（ETRm）和半饱和光强（IK）在锑胁迫下均显著下降，而过氧化氢酶（CAT）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化物酶（POD）活性和丙二醛（MDA）含量显著增加，分别增加了11.66%、16.86%、17.85%和22.04%。此外，pH 4、pH 5处理促进了水稻对锑的吸收，增大了锑胁迫对水稻幼苗各参数影响的幅度，而pH 6、pH 7处理有效缓解锑胁迫导致的水稻幼苗各指标的变化。因此，锑胁迫下水稻植株吸收大量的锑，破坏叶绿素荧光特性及保护酶活性等生理过程，进而对植株造成毒害，而pH 6和pH 7条件下通过减少锑吸收、维持细胞膜稳定性、调控热耗散机制以及抗氧化酶系统来缓解锑胁迫对水稻幼苗生长的影响。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To investigate the effect of pH on the growth of rice under antimony stress, this study investigated the uptake of antimony in rice under different pH conditions and the effect of antimony on the growth, chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics, light response curve parameters, and antioxidant enzyme activities of rice by performing hydroponic experiments. The results showed that antimony stress inhibited the growth and aboveground and root biomass accumulation of rice, reducing plant height by 4.30%-11.72%, compared with the antimony -free treatment. The maximum photochemical quantum yield of leaf PS Ⅱ（Fv / Fm） , actual photochemical efficiency, photosynthetic electron transfer efficiency , and photochemical quenching coefficient were significantly decreased under antimony stress. Initial slope, maximum relative electron transfer rate, and half-saturation light intensity also decreased significantly, whereas catalase, superoxide dismutase, and peroxidase activities and malondialdehyde content increased significantly by 11.66%, 16.86%, 17.85%, and 22.04%, respectively. Moreover, pH 4 and pH 5 treatments promoted the absorption of antimony by rice and increased the range of the effects of antimony stress on the evaluated parameters of rice seedlings, while pH 6 and pH 7 treatments effectively alleviated the changes caused by antimony stress in the indicators of rice seedlings. Therefore, under antimony stress, rice plants absorb a large amount of antimony, which destroy the chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics and protective enzyme activities and subsequently causes toxicity in plants. pH 6 and pH 7 treatments alleviate the effects of antimony stress on rice seedling growth by reducing antimony absorption, maintaining cell membrane stability, and regulating heat dissipation mechanism and antioxidant enzyme system. |
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