文章摘要
王赢,林余涛,杨文斌,王家嘉,左双宝,宋朝辉,周楠楠.延长烤田时间减少紫云英翻压稻田甲烷排放[J].农业环境科学学报,2022,41(8):1836-1845.
延长烤田时间减少紫云英翻压稻田甲烷排放
Increasing the drainage period to reduce methane emissions from Chinese milk vetch(Astragalus sinicus L.) ploughed paddy field
投稿时间:2021-12-15  
DOI:10.11654/jaes.2021-1448
中文关键词: 紫云英  水稻  甲烷排放  水分管理
英文关键词: Chinese milk vetch  paddy rice  methane emissions  water management
基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0300906);安徽省自然科学基金项目(1708085QD88,2008085QD162);安徽省高校自然科学研究项目(KJ2018A0316,KJ2019A0492);安徽高校协同创新项目(GXXT-2020-075);分子基材料安徽省重点实验室开放基金项目(fzj19012);养分循环与资源环境安徽省重点实验室开放基金项目;安徽师范大学校立项目(2018XJJ55,2018XJJ56,2018XJJ81,2018XJJ94);安徽省留学人员创新项目择优资助计划项目
作者单位E-mail
王赢 安徽师范大学生态与环境学院, 皖江流域退化生态系统的恢复与重建省部共建协同创新中心, 安徽 芜湖 241003
安徽师范大学化学与材料科学学院, 分子基材料安徽省重点实验室, 安徽 芜湖 241003 
 
林余涛 安徽师范大学生态与环境学院, 皖江流域退化生态系统的恢复与重建省部共建协同创新中心, 安徽 芜湖 241003  
杨文斌 安徽师范大学生态与环境学院, 皖江流域退化生态系统的恢复与重建省部共建协同创新中心, 安徽 芜湖 241003  
王家嘉 安徽省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所, 安徽养分循环与资源环境省级实验室, 合肥 230001  
左双宝 巨石集团有限公司, 巨石复合材料研究院, 浙江 桐乡 314500  
宋朝辉 安徽师范大学生态与环境学院, 皖江流域退化生态系统的恢复与重建省部共建协同创新中心, 安徽 芜湖 241003  
周楠楠 安徽师范大学生态与环境学院, 皖江流域退化生态系统的恢复与重建省部共建协同创新中心, 安徽 芜湖 241003 nannanzh@ahnu.edu.cn 
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中文摘要:
      为明确紫云英翻压还田模式对稻田甲烷(CH4)排放的影响,同时通过延长烤田时间的优化水分管理措施减少该模式下CH4的排放,开展了连续5 a的田间定位试验(2016—2020年),设置4种处理:不施化肥+传统水分管理(分蘖末期排水烤田7 d,CK)、常规单施化肥+传统水分管理(CF)、紫云英翻压+氮肥减施+传统水分管理(MF)、紫云英翻压+氮肥减施+优化水分管理(在传统基础上提前并增加5 d烤田时间,MFW)。结果显示:5 a间MF处理下水稻生长期CH4排放量为542~658 kg·hm-2·a-1,年均排放量相较CK和CF处理分别增加了156%~231%和133%~196%。与MF处理相比,MFW处理使2016、2017年和2019年的第一个CH4排放高峰期(分蘖期)提前衰减,增加了2018年和2020年CH4排放的衰减速率,年排放量显著下降了16.2%~28.5%(P<0.05)。与CF处理相比,MF处理下2018、2019、2020年的年产量分别显著增加了6.85%、10.25%和9.79%(P<0.05),并且MF处理明显降低了产量变异系数并提高了产量可持续性指数。MF和MFW处理下水稻产量没有显著差异。研究表明,紫云英翻压还田具有增产稳产的积极作用,但同时增加了CH4的排放,而优化后的水分管理措施在保障水稻产量的基础上能够有效减少紫云英翻压稻田CH4的排放。
英文摘要:
      To clarify the effects of the Chinese milk vetch(Astragalus sinicus L., CMV)returning model on methane(CH4)emissions from paddy fields and to optimize water management by increasing the drainage period to reduce CH4 emissions, a five-year in-situ field experiment was carried out from 2016 to 2020. Four treatments were designed, including non-fertilization + traditional water management (draining and drying the field at the late tillering stage for seven days,CK), conventional chemical fertilizer + traditional water management (CF), CMV + reduced nitrogen fertilizer + traditional water management(MF), and CMV + reduced nitrogen fertilizer + optimized water management(advancing and increasing five days on the basis of traditional water management, MFW). The results showed that the CH4 emissions under MF treatment ranged from 542 kg·hm-2·a-1 to 658 kg·hm-2·a-1 during the rice-growing season in the five years, and the average emissions increased by 156%~231% and 133%~196% compared with those under CK and CF treatments, respectively. Compared to those under the MF treatment, the first peak of CH4 emission(tillering stage)decayed earlier(2016, 2017, and 2019)or faster(2018 and 2020), and the annual emission significantly decreased by 16.2%~28.5%(P<0.05). Compared to those under the CF treatment, the yield from 2018 to 2020 significantly increased by 6.85%, 10.25%, and 9.79% under the MF treatment(P<0.05). The variation coefficient of yield under the MF treatment decreased, and the sustainability index increased. There was no significant difference between the yields of the MF and MFW treatments. The above results indicated that CMV return had positive effect on increasing and stabilizing rice yield, but it also increased CH4 emissions. Optimized water management could effectively decrease CH4 emissions caused by the return of CMV and simultaneously maintain the yield.
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