小麦玉米秸秆长期还田对砂姜黑土磷库组成的影响

徐悦; 陈翔; 王擎运; 罗来超; 张朝春; 李金才; 叶新新; 郜红建; 柴如山

文章摘要

徐悦,陈翔,王擎运,罗来超,张朝春,李金才,叶新新,郜红建,柴如山.小麦玉米秸秆长期还田对砂姜黑土磷库组成的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2022,41(8):1768-1777.

小麦玉米秸秆长期还田对砂姜黑土磷库组成的影响

Effects of long-term wheat and maize straw incorporation on phosphorus fractions in lime concretion black soil

投稿时间：2021-12-29

DOI：10.11654/jaes.2021-1504

中文关键词: 秸秆还田砂姜黑土无机磷组分有机磷组分

英文关键词: straw return lime concretion black soil inorganic phosphorus fractions organic phosphorus fractions

基金项目:安徽省科技重大专项（202103a06020012）；中国工程科技发展战略安徽研究院咨询研究项目（2020-05）；农田生态保育与污染防控安徽省重点实验室开放基金项目（FECPP202001）

作者	单位	E-mail
徐悦	安徽农业大学资源与环境学院/农田生态保育与污染防控安徽省重点实验室/自然资源部江淮耕地资源保护与生态修复重点实验室/安徽省绿色磷肥智能制造与高效利用工程研究中心, 合肥 230036
陈翔	安徽农业大学农学院, 合肥 230036
王擎运	安徽农业大学资源与环境学院/农田生态保育与污染防控安徽省重点实验室/自然资源部江淮耕地资源保护与生态修复重点实验室/安徽省绿色磷肥智能制造与高效利用工程研究中心, 合肥 230036
罗来超	安徽农业大学资源与环境学院/农田生态保育与污染防控安徽省重点实验室/自然资源部江淮耕地资源保护与生态修复重点实验室/安徽省绿色磷肥智能制造与高效利用工程研究中心, 合肥 230036
张朝春	安徽农业大学资源与环境学院/农田生态保育与污染防控安徽省重点实验室/自然资源部江淮耕地资源保护与生态修复重点实验室/安徽省绿色磷肥智能制造与高效利用工程研究中心, 合肥 230036 中国农业大学资源与环境学院, 北京 100193
李金才	安徽农业大学农学院, 合肥 230036
叶新新	安徽农业大学资源与环境学院/农田生态保育与污染防控安徽省重点实验室/自然资源部江淮耕地资源保护与生态修复重点实验室/安徽省绿色磷肥智能制造与高效利用工程研究中心, 合肥 230036
郜红建	安徽农业大学资源与环境学院/农田生态保育与污染防控安徽省重点实验室/自然资源部江淮耕地资源保护与生态修复重点实验室/安徽省绿色磷肥智能制造与高效利用工程研究中心, 合肥 230036
柴如山	安徽农业大学资源与环境学院/农田生态保育与污染防控安徽省重点实验室/自然资源部江淮耕地资源保护与生态修复重点实验室/安徽省绿色磷肥智能制造与高效利用工程研究中心, 合肥 230036	rschai@ahau.edu.cn

摘要点击次数: 823

全文下载次数: 840

中文摘要:

为优化管理小麦-玉米轮作体系秸秆还田条件下的土壤磷素，本研究依托皖北砂姜黑土区秸秆还田定位试验，设置不施肥（CK）、常规施肥（F）、常规施肥+小麦秸秆单季还田（FWS）、常规施肥+玉米秸秆单季还田（FMS）、常规施肥+小麦玉米秸秆双季还田（FWMS）5个处理，采用蒋柏藩-顾益初法及Bowman-Cole法分别测定了砂姜黑土无机磷和有机磷组分含量，运用相关分析和通径分析探究了土壤不同磷组分与有效磷之间的关系。结果表明：小麦玉米秸秆还田显著提高了砂姜黑土全磷和有效磷含量及土壤磷活化系数。秸秆还田可显著提高砂姜黑土无机磷组分中磷酸二钙（Ca₂-P）、磷酸铝（Al-P）及磷酸铁（Fe-P）的含量，与F处理相比，FWS、FMS和FWMS的土壤Ca₂-P含量分别增加32.3%、28.4%和43.8%，Al-P含量分别增加15.3%、10.7%和13.4%。土壤有机磷组分中活性有机磷（LOP）、中活性有机磷（MLOP）和中稳性有机磷（MROP）含量在秸秆还田条件下均明显增加。秸秆还田下砂姜黑土闭蓄态磷（O-P）含量无显著变化，FMS和FWMS处理的磷酸八钙（Ca₈-P）含量显著增加，磷灰石（Ca₁₀-P）和高稳性有机磷（HROP）含量下降。秸秆还田可显著增加砂姜黑土中Ca₂-P所占比例，降低O-P、Ca₁₀-P和HROP的占比。砂姜黑土中Al-P、Fe-P、Ca₂-P及MLOP与有效磷呈极显著正相关关系，其中Al-P、Ca₂-P和MLOP对有效磷的正向直接影响较大。研究表明，小麦-玉米轮作制中秸秆单季或双季还田均可促进砂姜黑土中无效态磷向有效态磷和缓效态磷转化，从而提升土壤磷素有效性，秸秆单季和双季还田处理在砂姜黑土磷素活化效果方面无显著差异。

英文摘要:

In order to provide reference for optimal management of phosphorus levels under straw return in typical wheat-maize rotation systems, inorganic and organic phosphorus forms of lime concretion black soil were analyzed with Jiang Bofan-Gu Yichu's method and Bowman-Cole's method under five treatments selected from a long-term field experiment located in north Anhui. The five treatments included no fertilization(CK), conventional fertilization(F), conventional fertilization plus wheat straw return(FWS), conventional fertilization plus maize straw return(FMS), and conventional fertilization plus wheat and maize straw return(FWMS). Correlation analysis and path analysis were applied to examine the relationships between soil phosphorus fractions and available phosphorus. The results showed that wheat and maize straw return significantly increased the contents of total phosphorus and available phosphorus in lime concretion black soil and soil phosphorus activation coefficient. The contents of soil inorganic phosphorus(Ca₂-P, Al-P, and Fe-P)and organic phosphorus components(labile, moderately labile, and moderately resistant organic phosphorus)were significantly increased by straw return. The soil Ca₂-P contents under the FWS, FMS, and FWMS treatments increased by 32.3%, 28.4%, and 43.8%, respectively, compared with those under the F treatment. Soil Al-P contents under the three treatments(FWS, FMS, and FWMS)increased by 15.3%, 10.7%, and 13.4%, respectively. Wheat and maize straw incorporation had no significant influence on soil O-P contents in the lime concretion black soil. Furthermore, in comparison with the F treatment, the soil Ca₈-P contents under FMS and FWMS treatments significantly increased, while the contents of Ca₁₀-P and highly resistant organic phosphorus decreased. Besides, the proportions of Ca₂-P in lime concretion black soil were significantly elevated by wheat and maize straw return, while the proportions of O-P, Ca₁₀-P, and highly resistant organic phosphorus decreased. Correlation analysis showed that soil Al-P, Fe-P, Ca₂-P, and moderately labile organic phosphorus were significantly positively correlated with the soil available phosphorus content. Path analysis indicated that soil Al-P, Ca ₂-P, and moderately labile organic phosphorus were the major direct contributors to soil available phosphorus. On the basis of these results, it can be concluded that wheat and maize straw incorporation is an effective way to promote the conversion of unavailable phosphorus into available phosphorus and slowly available phosphorus in lime concretion black soil. There were no significant differences among singleseason and double-season straw return treatments in terms of soil phosphorus activation.

HTML 查看全文查看/发表评论下载PDF阅读器