| 孙齐状,王龙,马彦芳,黄绍敏,刘红恩,高巍,李畅,张雯雯,赵鹏.不同磷效率小麦幼苗对铅胁迫的响应机制[J].农业环境科学学报,2022,41(8):1647-1659. |
| 不同磷效率小麦幼苗对铅胁迫的响应机制 |
| Lead stress response mechanisms of wheat seedlings with different phosphorus efficiencies |
| 投稿时间：2021-11-29 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2021-1423 |
| 中文关键词: 磷效率 小麦 Pb 根系直径 抗氧化酶 |
| 英文关键词: phosphorus efficiency wheat lead root diameter antioxidase |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（42007103）；河南省科技攻关项目（222102110048）；河南省研究生教育改革与质量提升工程项目（HNYJS2020KC17）；河南农业大学科技创新基金项目（KJCX2020A18）；河南省大学生创新创业训练计划（202110466029） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为明确不同磷效率小麦品种对铅（Pb）胁迫的响应机制，以前期筛选的磷转运效率不同的小麦品种为材料，通过营养液培养法，综合分析了不同磷效率小麦品种在不同Pb处理（0、0.05、0.10、0.50、1.00、2.50、5.00 mmol·L-1）下，根系形态、光合色素含量、Pb与磷的吸收和转运，以及抗氧化系统的相互关系。结果表明：<0.10 mmol·L-1 Pb处理显著增加了小麦幼苗的生物量、根长、表面积、根尖数、光合色素以及可溶性蛋白含量（P<0.05）；≥0.50 mmol·L-1 Pb处理显著降低了根长、表面积、根尖数、光合色素和可溶性蛋白含量，增加了根系直径、抗氧化酶（SOD、POD、CAT）活性、MDA含量。小麦地上部和根系的Pb含量均随着Pb浓度的升高而增加，其中，磷低效品种的根系Pb含量是磷高效品种的2.04倍，磷高效品种地上部Pb含量却是磷低效品种的2.48倍。相关性分析表明，根系和地上部Pb含量与根长、表面积、根尖数、根系可溶性蛋白和细胞膜透性均呈极显著负相关（P<0.01），与根系直径和根系抗氧化酶（SOD、POD、CAT）活性均呈极显著正相关，说明Pb胁迫下不同磷效率小麦通过降低根长、表面积、根尖数等减少了对Pb的吸收和转运，同时通过增加根系直径及抗氧化物酶活性来抵御外界Pb的胁迫。另外，磷低效品种根系对Pb吸收量大，但转运量小；而磷高效品种对Pb吸收量少，但转运量大。与磷低效品种相比，磷高效品种的根系直径更大，磷转运效率更高，对Pb胁迫表现出更强的耐性。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To clarify the response mechanisms of wheat varieties with different phosphorus efficiencies to lead(Pb)stress, the study comprehensively analyzed root morphology, photosynthetic pigment contents, Pb and P uptake and translocation, and the interrelationship of wheat seedling antioxidant systems with different phosphorus efficiencies under Pb treatment(0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.50, 1.00, 2.50 mmol·L-1, and 5.00 mmol·L-1)using the solution incubation method. The results show that the biomass, root length, root surface area, number of root tips, photosynthetic pigment contents, and soluble protein contents of wheat seedlings with different phosphorus efficiencies significantly increased at low Pb concentrations(<0.10 mmol · L-1). At high Pb concentrations(≥ 0.50 mmol · L-1), the root length, root surface area, number of root tips, photosynthetic pigment contents, and soluble protein contents dramatically decreased, whereas the root diameter, antioxidase(SOD, POD, and CAT)activity, and MDA content were significantly increased compared to the control. The Pb content in the wheat shoots and roots significantly increased as Pb concentration increased, and the Pb content of roots in the wheat varieties with low phosphorus efficiency levels was 2.04 times higher than that of the highly phosphorus-efficient wheat varieties. In contrast, the shoots in the highly phosphorus-efficient wheat varieties was 2.48 times higher than that of less phosphorus-efficient varieties. Correlation analysis indicates that the Pb content in roots and shoots was significantly negatively correlated(P<0.01)with root length, root surface area, number of root tips, root soluble protein, and cell membrane permeability, and was significantly positively correlated(P<0.01)with root diameter and antioxidant activity(SOD, POD, and CAT), indicating that wheat reduces the uptake and translocation of Pb by reducing root length, root surface area, and number of root tips, as well as increasing root diameter and antioxidant enzyme activity. In addition, the roots of the less phosphorus-efficient varieties showed high uptake but low translocation of Pb, while highly phosphorus-efficient varieties had low uptake but high translocation rates of Pb. Compared to the less phosphorus-efficient varieties, the roots of the highly phosphorus-efficient varieties were thicker in diameter, had higher Pb transport efficiency, and were more tolerant of Pb stress. |
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