| 赵佳玉,张弥,石立新,肖薇,谢燕红,蒲旖旎,贾磊,甄晓菊,冯兆忠.淡水养殖塘甲烷通量观测时段的选取对年排放量的影响研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2022,41(5):1131-1140. |
| 淡水养殖塘甲烷通量观测时段的选取对年排放量的影响研究 |
| Effects of observation period selection on annual CH4 emission from freshwater aquaculture ponds |
| 投稿时间：2021-11-02 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2021-1255 |
| 中文关键词: 淡水养殖塘 涡度相关法 甲烷通量 观测时段选取 |
| 英文关键词: freshwater aquaculture pond eddy covariance method methane flux observation period selection |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2020YFA0607501，2019YFA0607202）；国家自然科学基金项目（41575147，41975143）；江苏省自然科学基金项目（BK20180796）；中国博士后科学基金项目（2021M701755）；河北省气象与生态环境重点实验室开放研究基金项目（Z201901H，Z202101B）；河北省省级科技计划（21567624H） |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 赵佳玉 | 南京信息工程大学大气环境中心, 南京 210044
河北省气象与生态环境重点实验室, 石家庄 050021
南京信息工程大学应用气象学院, 南京 210044 | | | 张弥 | 南京信息工程大学大气环境中心, 南京 210044
南京信息工程大学应用气象学院, 南京 210044 | zhangm.80@nuist.edu.cn | | 石立新 | 河北省气象与生态环境重点实验室, 石家庄 050021 | | | 肖薇 | 南京信息工程大学大气环境中心, 南京 210044
南京信息工程大学应用气象学院, 南京 210044 | | | 谢燕红 | 南京信息工程大学大气环境中心, 南京 210044
南京信息工程大学应用气象学院, 南京 210044 | | | 蒲旖旎 | 南京信息工程大学大气环境中心, 南京 210044
南京信息工程大学应用气象学院, 南京 210044 | | | 贾磊 | 南京信息工程大学大气环境中心, 南京 210044
南京信息工程大学应用气象学院, 南京 210044 | | | 甄晓菊 | 河北省气象与生态环境重点实验室, 石家庄 050021 | | | 冯兆忠 | 南京信息工程大学应用气象学院, 南京 210044 | |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 淡水养殖塘是甲烷（CH4）排放的热点区域。准确观测CH4年排放量还存在较大挑战，尤其是采用低频的观测方法。因此，本研究以亚热带长江三角洲区域典型淡水养殖塘为研究对象，基于涡度相关方法（Eddy covariance，EC）测定的2016—2020年养殖塘水-气界面高频连续CH4通量数据，探讨了对淡水养殖塘CH4通量进行箱式法等低频观测时，在一日内的最佳观测时间以及一年内的最佳观测日数，从而实现对CH4年排放量的准确估算。结果表明：一日当中最佳的观测时间春季为14：30—16：30、夏季和秋季为6：30—8：30、冬季为11：30—13：30，与EC连续观测获取的各季节日均值比较，以上选取方案估算的日均值不确定性最小，变化范围为0.1%~4%；在准确估算日均值的基础上，对于一年内的最佳观测天数，建议至少需要在全年均匀选取80 d，即观测频率为每月6~7 d，且均匀分布在每月的上中下三旬，才能够达到一年内连续观测获取的年均值±20%之内的高精度估算。当全年观测日数少于20 d时，CH4通量年均值估算的不确定性可高达50%。该研究结果可在无高频连续CH4通量观测前提下，为养殖水体CH4通量观测时段方案设计以及降低内陆水体碳收支估算不确定性等提供科学依据和参考。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Freshwater aquaculture ponds are hot spots of methane（CH4）emission, and large challenges remain in accurate observations of annual CH4 emissions, especially those based on low-frequency observation methods. In this study, high-frequency CH4 flux was measured continuously for five years, from 2016 to 2020, with the eddy covariance（EC）method in typical freshwater aquaculture ponds in the subtropical Yangtze River Delta, China. Using these data, optimal flux observation schemes, including the observation time in a day and the number of sampling days in a year, for the low-frequency observation method were developed. The results follow. For the daily observation time, observations should be conducted from 14：30 to 16：30 in spring, from 6：30 to 8：30 in summer and autumn, and from 11：30 to 13： 30 in winter. The averaged results during the above time periods in the different seasons could be used to represent the daily value. By comparison with seasonal daily value obtained by EC continuous observation, this method contained much smaller uncertainty, ranging from 0.1% to 4%. For the number of sampling days, on the basis of accurate estimation of the daily average, we recommend that measurements of CH4 flux were made over at least 80 days（observational frequency：six to seven days evenly scattered throughout one month）scattered throughout the whole year to cover the seasonal pattern of CH4 flux as well as achieve high-accuracy estimation（defined as within ±20% of the annual mean value derived from EC observation）. Fewer than 20 sampling days yielded uncertainties in annual CH4 emission estimation as high as 50%. The results in this study provide a scientific basis and reference for designing an observational period scheme for CH4 flux from ponds when high-frequency and continuous observations are lacking and for the reduction of uncertainties in the estimation of the inland water carbon budget. |
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